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American fighters used SCR-274 or SCR-522 radios, often one transmitter / receiver in the HF band, and a second receiver only on the VF band, and sometimes also navigation and IFF sets. The American radios were preferred over the British ones in North Africa because they had four preset (programmable) channels that you could change with a button like in the old AM radios in cars back in the day, vs. a knob that you had to tune in
An interesting/ funny note on the B26, apaerantly one of its nicknames owing to its speed and small wing area was " the hooker" as it was so fast and had no visable means of support.
Well you are concentrating on the success stories (for the most part). There were quite a few cancellations and long struggles with designs. P-38 is one of those due in part to the various problems with the engines and turbos. But there are others! Many others in fact, which went nowhere.
How about the Hawker Tornado, cancelled due to the failure of the Rolls Royce Vulture
Or the very promising Westland Whirlwind, delayed by problems with the Rolls Royce Peregrine and finally cancelled when they stopped making the RR Kestrel / Peregrine.
Hello Schweik,
First of all, this isn't MY theory. It was something I lifted from an Italian book about the Macchi C.202.
You REALLY should read what you posted. Your data is actually in pretty good agreement.
My (actually from the book) comment was that in NORTH AFRICA, the monthly average was about 30-70 Folgore for 1942. Your November 1942 statistic fits that just fine because of the units you listed only 66 aircraft by my count (really YOUR count) were actually in North Africa at the time.
As for June, 1943, I have some numbers for that also and they are actually a bit higher than yours though I don't remember ever putting those into the discussion.
As I said before, the main overlap from different sources that I was reading was 1942 so that is all I was trying to list.
- Ivan.
On the M 202 in NA subject.
Is it possible there is some confusion between "in service" numbers and "on hand" numbers?
As in XXX number of aircraft on hand or in inventory but only XXX times 60% (or pick number) available for flight (in service) on a given day?
Just a thought.
On the M 202 in NA subject.
Is it possible there is some confusion between "in service" numbers and "on hand" numbers?
As in XXX number of aircraft on hand or in inventory but only XXX times 60% (or pick number) available for flight (in service) on a given day?
Just a thought.
Nov 1942 eve of Torch landings (from MAW Vol III pp. 41-45)
.....
Italian
In Sicily and Southern Mediterranean Islands:
51° Stormo CT - MC 202 (23)
377° Squadriglia Autonoma Int -mixed Cr 42 (8) / MC 200 (2) / MC 202 (1)
22° Gruppo Aut CT - Re - 2001 (21)
17° Gruppo Aut CT - MC. 202 (33)
153° Gruppo CT - MC 202 (21)
20° Gruppo CT - MC 202 (11)
24° Gruppo Autonomo CT - mixed G.50bis (26) / Cr 42 (25) / MC 202 (2)
In North Africa specifically:
4° Stormo CT MC.202 (28)
3° Stormo CT MC.202 (20)
2° Stormo CT MC.200 / 202 (18)
15° Stormo Assalto - Cr.42 (17)
50° Stormo Assalto - CR.42 (11)
5° Stormo Truffatori - CR 42 (11)
So that is:
Med Islands: 91 MC. 202, 21 Re 2001, 2 MC.200, 26 G.50bis, and 33 CR.42, for a total of 112 modern, 28 second string, and 33 biplanes.
North Africa: ~ 55 MC.202, ~ 10 MC.200, 39 CR.42
Total in the operational area is: 146 MC.202, 21 Re 2001, 12 MC.200, 26 G.50bis, and 72 CR.42 which again were used for bombers.
Let me remind you of the twists and turns of this conversation:
I commented off hand as part of a discussion about the P39 that P-40s had a good record in the MTO, PTO etc.
You remarked (incorrectly) that those were against inferior opposition.
I pointed out that the Japanese fighters were hardly inferior, neither were the Germans on the Russian front, and neither were the German or Italian in the MTO
You claimed (incorrectly) that P-40s were mostly facing inferior Italian planes in the MTO
I pointed out the Luftwaffe was there in strength with their most modern fighters and the main Italian fighter, the MC.202 was equivalent to the Bf 109
You made claims of inferior performance (debunked) guns (debunked) and finally insisted there were only 30 MC 202 at any one time in the Theater
6 Gruppo CT Switch from MC.200 to MC.202 in 06/21/41. Switch to MC 205 in 03/43
Yes you did miss what I said ....Hello Schweik,
My comment was not to suggest that the Allison or Merlin was superior. It was just an observation that under VERY high power, high RPM use (well beyond the levels used in WW2 aircraft) the Allison seems to hold up much better.
When your customer is not willing to fund development of a better supercharger and already had a "solution" for high altitude operation, then does it make sense to spend corporate funds for no contract?
We are actually both arguing for the requirement for a good radio installation in fighters.
Actually I don't believe I overstated anything here. All changes had to be approved by Rolls Royce and shared with them. Some of the better ideas were adopted for RR production as well. Some such as Indium coatings were just differences that were accepted. I am sure that if one looks at details of the engines side by side, there will be other differences such as seals. Some people working on these engines have commented that the Packards and Rolls Royce engines are about equal in performance where there are equivalent versions but Packards tend to keep more of their oil on the inside.
Many sources have commented that when working on drawings, the dimensions and tolerances had to be tightened up by Packard so that they could guarantee parts interchangeability.
Actually there was no need to comment because the numbers you were listing were not really in disagreement with the numbers I had already seen. Average monthly availability in North Africa for 1942 was about 30-70 Folgores.
The only number that seems to be in dispute is the percentage of sorties flown by Folgore.
Hello Dan Fahey,
I had not missed your mention of the Bubble Canopy.
Just remember that although this was a "better" P-40, everyone else already had the Bubble Canopy for better SA.
Even WITH the improved Allison engine, the XP-40Q-2 was still only making 422 MPH which is 25 MPH below what a P-51D could do.
The client wanted SPEED and even this P-40 wasn't achieving it.
The US built a bunch of P-63. They just exported them all. Compared to what was already in the inventory, they were a bit short-ranged and slow for the time.
Considering that the French lost their colonies in both places you mentioned, that is hardly a recommendation for the quality of their equipment. Neither is using left over Ki-43 fighters.
- Ivan.
Totally disagree the P40 was up against lesser opposition.Hello Schweik,
We do end up in lots of different little corners that are pretty far off topic, don't we?
The P-40 WAS facing less than first rate opposition in the MTO and PTO. There were plenty of the older types being flown by the Italians or do you have a better breakdown of the fighter sorties flown by Italians? I don't have but one number there and it is pretty clear or are you disputing its accuracy because you have a better one?
How many of the Messerschmitts were still the older E models?
Early in the Pacific war, the Japanese army would have been flying mostly Ki-43. This was a beautiful and agile aeroplane, but without speed, firepower or protection. That would hardly be first rate opposition.
As for "debunking" performance and firepower claims: First of all, you are comparing a Me 109F-2 with the lower powered engine and less firepower against the C.202. Performance SHOULD be similar because they have nearly identical engine power. As for firepower, you obviously were not paying attention. Typically, the C.202 only had 2 x 12.7 mm Breda MG with relatively poor ballistics for a HMG. Even the 109F-2 had better hitting power with just one MG 151/15 motor cannon and had an additional pair of MG 17 LMGs. That was on the LOW side. With the Me 109F-4, there was additional engine power for better performance AND increased firepower with the MG 151/20 cannon.
This level of firepower was the same as a typical Japanese fighter and basically inadequate by the evaluation of the Italians.
What do you have for the first production series for the Macchi Veltro? My understanding was that it was about a month later than the date you are listing here.
- Ivan.
Regarding adequacy of engine power in the Yak fighters, here is a comment by Major A. Nikashin of 812 IAP who was a participant in service trials of the Yak-9K. Now keep in mind that the Yak-9K is the NS-45 armed variant which made it one of the most heavily armed.
Note also that the "all-up" weight of this model at 3028 KG or 6677 pounds was not particularly heavy in comparison to other fighters and yet this was the evaluation:
"Yak-9 fighters should be used in cooperation with Yak-3 lightweight fighters making up a cover group. Tangling with fighters is undesirable for the Yak-9Ks because they are heavy and, owing to the insufficient engine power, have poor vertical component. When bombers are encountered, the Yak-9K fighters should make a surprise attack from behind th clouds or out of the sun, trying to disrupt their formation. It is expedient to make the first attack from above at a distance of 400 to 600 m. If any part of the bomber is hit by one or two shells, this is enough for the bomber to be destroyed."
- Ivan.
Hello Schweik,
We do end up in lots of different little corners that are pretty far off topic, don't we?
The P-40 WAS facing less than first rate opposition in the MTO and PTO. There were plenty of the older types being flown by the Italians or do you have a better breakdown of the fighter sorties flown by Italians? I don't have but one number there and it is pretty clear or are you disputing its accuracy because you have a better one?
!!!!Did you read anything I posted on this? It's a little disheartening to answer a question and then have it asked again!?How many of the Messerschmitts were still the older E models?
Early in the Pacific war, the Japanese army would have been flying mostly Ki-43. This was a beautiful and agile aeroplane, but without speed, firepower or protection. That would hardly be first rate opposition.
As for "debunking" performance and firepower claims: First of all, you are comparing a Me 109F-2 with the lower powered engine and less firepower against the C.202. Performance SHOULD be similar because they have nearly identical engine power. As for firepower, you obviously were not paying attention. Typically, the C.202 only had 2 x 12.7 mm Breda MG with relatively poor ballistics for a HMG. Even the 109F-2 had better hitting power with just one MG 151/15 motor cannon and had an additional pair of MG 17 LMGs. That was on the LOW side. With the Me 109F-4, there was additional engine power for better performance AND increased firepower with the MG 151/20 cannon.
This level of firepower was the same as a typical Japanese fighter and basically inadequate by the evaluation of the Italians.
What do you have for the first production series for the Macchi Veltro? My understanding was that it was about a month later than the date you are listing here.
- Ivan.
This is (hopefully) an honest mistake on your part. He's talking about a Yak-9K with the 45mm gun, which was clearly too big for the airframe. That is by no means the normal assessment of the typical Yak-9. The Yak-9K was a failure and was barely used.
"Yak-9T modified with a 45 mm NS-45 cannon with 29 rounds and a distinctive muzzle brake to deal with the massive recoil. Firing the cannon at speeds below 350 km/h (220 mph) caused dramatic loss of control and tossed the pilot back and forth in the cockpit; however, accurate shooting was possible at higher speeds and in 2–3 round bursts. The recoil also caused numerous oil and coolant leaks. The heavy cannon installation degraded performance, even more so at high altitudes, sufficiently to relegating the Yak-9K to be used as a heavy fighter and resulting in the need for a fighter escort of Yak-3s. The Yak-9K saw only limited use due to unreliability of the NS-45, airframe performance issues caused by both the NS-45 and larger fuel tanks used on the Yak-9K, as well as a reduction of bombers used by the Germans. "
According to this site, only 50 were made:
"One of the consequences of this reconsideration was development of the "Yak-9K", which had a dedicated fit of the NS-45 cannon with a long and distinctive muzzle brake. A batch of about 50 of these fighters was built in the first half of 1944, and were put through tests and operational evaluation. The cannon was devastating in combat, but it proved unreliable; its recoil shock was also too much for the airframe, cracking fuel and coolant lines. The Yak-9K was not put into production. "
I would say to look instead at a Yak-1B, Yak-7B, Yak-9T, Yak-9U or Yak-3
Hmmm, Yak-9T is the greatest thing since borscht using a 170kg gun
I am confused
Hello Schweik,
You have GOT to be kidding.
Here are some specifications for you to consider:
Yak-9K - 1180 HP, Loaded Weight 3028 KG (6675 pounds)
Yak-9T - 1180 HP, Loaded Weight 3025 KG (6668 pounds)
So you are trying to convince us that 7 pounds in aircraft weight makes such a difference? Really???
The P63 had considerable more range over the P39 and had the better guns and cannon.
It was a much more capable fighter.
I really don't doubt that you are confused, but the biggest point of confusion on your part is that you seem to think I'm making up the assessment of the Yak-9T (2,700 built) vs. the Yak-9K (50 built, apparently). I'm not an expert on Yaks, I have two or three books and the internet, probably the same as you. I actually in fact, originally believed your claims about some of these things such as that very few large caliber guns were carried on Soviet fighters (from several previous debates about the use of Soviet fighters for CAS. I assumed you were telling the truth and didn't feel invested in it to look further.
But out of routine curiosity and interest in WW2 planes, I read a book about Yak fighter operations in WW2 and it mentioned that the Yak-9T was successful, well liked and 2700 were made. So I double checked with other sources, sure enough this was a fact. So I pointed it out. Why the Yak-9K was not a success and only 50 were made, I really don't know - Wikipedia says the recoil from the 45mm gun was a factor, they did also mention the fuel tanks. What do I care?
I didn't write any of that, I didn't make it up. I don't work for the Yakovlev design bureau, I didn't fly a Yak. I'm just telling you guys what the history says. That seems to be a deep point of confusion for the two of you.
Apparently I was in error about the extent of use of large caliber guns in soviet fighters counting Yak 1s, 7s and 9s (but not 3s) and Lagg 3s and LA 5s (but not LA-7s) and Mig 3 but not any other kinds of of Soviet fighters the 37mm gun versions made up about 5% of the total, adjust as you see fit for numbers of other aircraft.
Comments about the 45mm gun version have to taken carefully, I am not saying that such comments were not made or that they are untrue. But if they don't specifically call out the differences between the 45mm gun planes and the 37mm gun planes do not assume that the 37mm gun planes were free of similar defects/problems.
Some accounts say that the 37mm gun caused cracks and the destruction of whole pipeline units.
The 37mm gun fired a lighter shell at slightly higher velocity using a similar amount of powder, recoil forces of the 45mm gun went up around 27%. the recoil of the 37mm gun was far from light.
several accounts claim (probably based on the same source) that the 37mm gun planes could destroy one enemy plane per 31 rounds fired while the ShVAK needed 147 rounds (45mm gun needed just 10 rounds per plane destroyed).
Now fighters certainly need less rounds to shoot down than bombers but the Luftwaffe figured they needed to fire about 1000 rounds of MG 151 ammunition ( with 30-40 % mine shells) to shoot down a B-17. Luftwaffe figured about 2% hits for rounds fired, ShVAK was killing German planes with about 3 hits each??
Also please note that the 20mm ShVAK shells (not cartridge) weighed less than 1/7th what a 37mm shell weighed. and the gun weighed about 1/4 as much.
I am not sure how efficient the 37mm armed Yak 9T was in actuality. Giving specialized aircraft to the best pilots and best shots is likely to skew the results.