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Thanks Shinpachi!It's an air leading tube to cool the spark plug located behind.
What is the defference in exterior of Sakae 31 21 mods? Do you have other Sakae 31 photos?It looks agry for the Sakae 31.
Thanks Shinpachi for reply.In my honest impression, Aurum, I don't think that Nakajima had such a noble conception as you imagine about their radial engines unlike Mitsubishi.
This is more curious difficult question by the way.They simply kept standing on P&W's.
And what about other 2nd raw spur plugs, that are without such cooling pipes.The significant difference between Sakae 21 and 31 was the water-methanol injection system.
Model 31 had it but later abandoned as there was little remarkable improvements.
OK. Japanese wiki explains the Sakae engines -...
As far as I know, Nakajima had only one P&W engine licensed - "Wasp" SINGLE!!! raw engine. It was again "square" engine with bore/stroke = 146/146. So it simply could not be the predecessor of DOUBLE!!! raw Sakae with bore/stroke = 130/150.... Design was affected by the Pratt Whitney airplane engines that Nakajima had licensed production.
Jalaneese licensed DC-3 = L2D2/3 = were equiped by Mitsubishi Kinsei 43/53 engines but not Sakae.Nakajima also had licensed production for the DC-3 aircraft before the war. Sakae engines were mounted, in place of P&W's, during the war.
Thats really sorrow. If you could translate at least an indent in a week, I think all that book could be translated already since you posted it.I have no enough time for you to translate the Nakajima Engine History as I am very busy officially and privately at the moment.
Thanks for link. I will try to understand something there.However, here is a good site about Nakajima engines which was writen by a former Nakajima engineer, Kazutada Okamoto if you are interested.
It would be easier and quicker for you to understand contents with aid of any appropriate translation tool than waiting for my future translation.
Besides all GregP also expressed this idea at neighbor thread and I argued with him there.I don't know why English wiki and Japanese wiki are so different each other. I may have to doubt our own common sense about our own history.
Just for information, the Sakae 21 was designed (after acquiring a license for the Feench Gnome-Ghone) by Nakajima...
Shame on you dear Shinpachi. Its in Nakajima engines history book. So lets see attachment here.I have never heard Gnome-Rhone contributed to Nakajima. It could be Bristol Jupiter at least in its description.
Of course its easier to modify the own design then someother for all. And Nakajima quite successfully developed its native Ha-5/41/109 Sakae/Homare engine series.Also, I have ever read in somewhere that Nakajima was hard to modify western engines once Nakajima purchased production license. There were two reasons - one was to develope better engines as their own...
And what does it say?Does it say Gnome-Rhone influenced Nakajima?
Thanks for translation Shinpachi.It says Nakajima's first double row radial engine NAL was completed in 1933.
The Gnome-Rhone came to Nakajima in 1935 as a technical reference to be compared with NAL.
2-raw radial G-N K-14 was absolutely different from Bristol Jupiter engine. It was exactly G-N but not Bristol design. So I cannot understand what can be a correspondence between them.Gnome-Rhone sample was a copy of Bristol Jupiter, so it could have made little sense for Nakajima as
Nakajima had been familiar with Bristol Jupiter.
Yes its quite true Jupiter was quite troubled in production, never the less it was the most mass engine produced all over the world in early 30-ies. And the same Naka made them allot - 600 pieces in 6 years (according the table from Naka book).This is from other pages, Bristol Jupiter was an artwork which was not suitable for mass production Nakajima wanted. American engines, like Wright or P&W, were good for their purpose.