Yes they only Flew for Romania as far as I know, in its fighter and dive bomber versions, they fought the russians from 1941-44 when Romania switched sides, after that date they flew alongside Russia, and would have faced German and Hungarian forces.
Actually the P-24, IIRC. A slightly modified rear part of the fuselage was of the Polish fighter. The entire rest of the kite including the engine was the new design.
The known air battle between P-38 and IAR-80 planes was a floows acoording to AI:
The most famous engagement between Romanian IAR-80/IAR-81C fighters and American P-38 Lightnings occurred on June 10, 1944, during a low-level USAAF raid on the Ploiești oil refineries in Romania. [1, 2]
Key Details of the Battle (June 10, 1944)
The Combatants: Captain Dan Vizanty led 23 to 26 Romanian IAR-81C fighters of Grupul 6 Vânătoare against roughly 75 to 94 American P-38 Lightnings from the USAAF 1st and 82nd Fighter Groups. [1, 2, 3]
The Setting: American P-38s were heavily loaded with bombs and flying at low altitudes (between 100 and 300 feet), which completely neutralized their high-altitude speed and performance advantages. [1, 2, 3]
Tactics & Surprise: The Romanian IAR-81Cs dove from higher altitude and caught the American formation off-guard in a fast-moving, chaotic dogfight that lasted only about four minutes. [1, 2, 3]
Losses and Claims:
USAAF: Official American records show 22 to 24 P-38s lost during the mission (with around 9 to 14 shot down directly by the IAR-80s). American pilots initially claimed over 30 enemy aircraft, often misidentifying the IAR-80s as German Focke-Wulf Fw 190s.Romanian Air Force (FARR): Romanians claimed up to 23–24 victories while officially suffering about 3 to 4 losses (including operational and mid-air collisions). [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Performance Comparison
IAR-80 / IAR-81C Advantages:
Light, nimble, and highly maneuverable in tight, low-altitude dogfights.Deadly when the twin-engine P-38 was slowed down by heavy bomb loads or low-level evasion. [1, 2, 3, 4]
P-38 Lightning Advantages:
Superior speed, heavy armament, armor protection, and performance at high altitude (above 6,000 meters), where the IAR-80 was completely outclassed by later Allied fighters like the P-51 Mustang. [1, 2, 3]