Best Allied medium bomber 1942-1943 besides the Mosquito

Best Allied medium bomber 1942-1943 besides the Mosquito

  • A-20 Havoc / Boston

    Votes: 3 8.8%
  • Pe-2 'Peshka'

    Votes: 2 5.9%
  • B-26 Marauder

    Votes: 6 17.6%
  • B-25 Mitchel

    Votes: 15 44.1%
  • Martin 187 / Baltimore

    Votes: 0 0.0%
  • Martin 167 / Maryland

    Votes: 0 0.0%
  • Britsol Beaufort

    Votes: 0 0.0%
  • Bristol Blenheim

    Votes: 1 2.9%
  • Vickers Wellington

    Votes: 2 5.9%
  • Tuovlev Tu-2

    Votes: 3 8.8%
  • Handley Page Hampden

    Votes: 0 0.0%
  • Lockheed Hudson or Ventura

    Votes: 0 0.0%
  • Other (Explain)

    Votes: 2 5.9%

  • Total voters
    34

Ad: This forum contains affiliate links to products on Amazon and eBay. More information in Terms and rules


It would help a lot if you didn't paint things with a broad brush, heck you are using a floor roller at times. Have I discredited that source or claimed that it wasn't accurate? I merely said that how the Russians classified a lead lease bomber may be subject to question. Especially considering that the "light" B-25 went about 26% heavier than the IL-4 twin engine bomber which most people consider a "medium". Now perhaps the Russians also considered it a "light bomber" or perhaps they considered anything less than an a PE-8 a light bomber. Although the Russians assigned B-25s to several Regiments equipped with the 4 engine PE-8s to help bring up the numbers in 1944.





Can we stop with the flights of fancy or "timmy the power gamer" crap? the BEST Russian 20mm shell carried 6.7 grams of HE. It would be extremely lucky to blow the wheel of a MK I let alone a heavy tank. For a reality check the British No 36 hand grenade had about 70 grams of explosives. Please note that German tank hunters wrapped 6 extra grenade bodies around one for 7 charges total of between 42-49 oz (1.2-1.39KG) of TNT and that had to be used in certain places on the tank. Russians used a thrown shaped charge Grenade the RPG-43

against tanks. 420 grams of HE.

Pardon me if I doubt the effectiveness of 6-7 grams of HE blowing wheels off heavy tanks. Apparently the Flyboys knew something the ground troops did not.




Ah yes, the old nose gun accuracy claim. It may work better against ground targets than in the air. Of course in a strafing attack you get a few seconds to aim/lineup and fire and then you have to pull out, so being able to deliver large amounts of projectiles to the target area in a few seconds time is an advantage.

Now the fact that the British 20mm cannon had higher muzzle velocity and a heavier/better shaped projectile that retained velocity better gets trumped by the "nose gun".




On the bolded part, the only way that eight rockets form one plane are going to hit one tank is if the plane crashes onto the tank with the rockets still attached.

From Wiki......" Early testing demonstrated that, when fired from 500 m (1,640 ft), a mere 1.1% of 186 fired RS-82 hit a single tank and 3.7% hit a column of tanks. RS-132 accuracy was even worse, with no hits scored in 134 firings during one test. Combat accuracy was even worse, since the rockets were typically fired from even greater distances." To get eight hits you need to fire 727 rockets or about 90 planes worth. Somehow I am not impressed. Putting bigger warheads on the same motor gets you a bigger bang on target (or in the target area) but a bigger warhead means a slower terminal speed and more arched trajectory making it even harder to hit point targets at long ranges.

target effect, should they actually hit a tank, was poor in the case of the RS-82.



The objective measure of whether they made good or bad fighter bombers was not based on the size of their rockets (size of ordinance in general seems to be a theme with you) but on how many enemy ground targets they could destroy.

Actually the metric is how many ground targets they could destroyed/neutralized in how many attempts/sorties. Needing to fly more missions to get the same results is poor performance and just counting the total number of targets destroyed/neutralized without knowing missions/sorties flown and ordnace expending actually tells us nothing.

Soviet fighters
Speed is a bit less important when doing ground attack, there should be accompanying fighters in clean condition to engage enemy fighters while the planes tasked with ground attack do their work.
The 20mm showing up in Russian fighters long before Anglo-American fighters is a bit of stretch. While technically true the planes it showed up in were I-16s.
Limited run batches. The Prototype Yak flew in March of 1940 and about 400 were built by June 22nd 1941, but only 50 had been issued to service squadrons.
While several hundred Lagg-s had been built few were in the hands of service squadrons as numerous defects were being corrected after production and before issue. Spitfire Vs with cannon were flying in the late spring of 1941 although with drum feeds. Somewhere over the winter of 1940/41 170 Spitfire IIbs had been built with a drum feed cannon in each wing. The Hurricane IIc showed up in the fall of 1941 with cannon and by Sept of 1941 the Spit Vc with belt fed cannon was in production.
Yes Russian aircraft destroyed a lot of stuff but you are not coming up with anything that says what it took to do it. Blenheims, Battles and Lysanders managed to destroy stuff in France in 1940, they just took unsustainable losses doing it and accuracy ws not good, doesn't mean they didn't hit something at times.



What is your source for this? Are you saying that the top speed for any variant of the Pe-2 is 325 mph? Any variant by the end of 1943?
Source is "Soviet Combat Aircraft of the Second World War" by Yefim Gordon and Dmitri Khazano. Chart on page 169. The prototype PE-2 in 1940 was rated at 335.5 mph but no PE-2 in the next 5 columns goes over 329.3mph and some examples were as slow as 303.2mph. The PE-2B of 1943 is rated at 331mph but the 2B used a wing with a modified airfoil, the wing was larger in area and there were other differences, I don't know if it was a one of prototype or if there was a small number built. There were some very fast versions built in 1944 and 1945 but they used VK-107A engines and those were about as reliable as a nickel rocket.
and speaking of rockets again. the rails for ten RS-132s cost a speed reduction of 15-19mph, with rockets fitted the speed reduction was 22-28mph.
Comment in the book says the weight of fire of the ten rockets was equal to a salvo fired by a light cruiser which is typical of the ridiculous claims made for WW II aircraft rockets. The British being just as guilty. The total weight of 10 rockets is 230kg and even a 6 gun cruiser with the wimpiest 6in guns in the world can beat that. Even a 5 gun British left over from WW I comes close at 227kg.
 
Last edited:
Let me try an analogy on this constantly re-emphasized theme of heavier and heavier ordinance being the key to effectiveness.

View attachment 489978Which do you think is a more effective bomber today, an F-16 or a B-52?

S

If we are going to the absurd (and comparing the effectiveness of laser guided bombs and dumb iron bombs to judge effectiveness of the plane carrying the bombs is absurd). Let's go back to one of the grandaddy's of all ground attack aircraft.

two fuselage mounted machine guns for that all important accuracy, 4 light bombs (25pdrs) for dealing with tanks and hard points. Extreme maneuverability compared to WW II aircraft make aiming and bomb dropping easy and the 605lb of armoured fuselage help insure survivability.
Yes, Gentlemen the Sopwith Salamander was almost impossible to improve upon but many nations spent decades trying
 
AFAIR, Soviet gunsight tech also ah, lagged.. behind Western standards, which is why VVS
doctrine was to bear in as close as possible, even to ramming proximity - whenever possible.

( Perhaps this was how they got 1/2 decent results - from the P-39's 'howitzer'..)

Edit: Addit: Stuka effectiveness in the MTO by 1943 was predicated on being able
to do surprise attacks on extemporised defence such as in the Dodecanese Is,
or against ships lacking coordinated flak.. but if/when Allied fighters showed up,
the Stukas were 'roughly handled' for sure, which is why they were replaced by
FW 190 JaBos, which at least had a 'fighting chance' in such situations.
 
Last edited:

Stukas were taking significant losses in the Med by 1943 but they didn't stop using them, let alone replacing them with Fw 190s. They were still flying plenty of stuka missions by the end of Shores MAW vol III in April 1943. They did require an escort, and either MC 202 or Bf 109F would fly with them typically. Bf 109Es were being used the same way incidentally (as bombers) and also suffered maulings if they were caught without an escort.

if you need I can post some examples of Stuka missions in 1943.

S
 
Actually the LW did see the Stuka 'writing on wall' & so when, in mid `43,
ADGB interception rates of even their fastest FW 190 JaBos (Achtung! Taifun!)
- which were mounting attacks over the English Channel - became too costly..
& those SKG units were re-directed - to the MTO..
 
Last edited:

Well yes, as you alluded, in 1943 newer British aircraft like the Typhoon and the Spit IX basically robbed the Germans of air superiority over the UK, and the Stuka could not operate in the West without air superiority. Over the UK the short range of most of those British fighters was not as much of an issue, thanks to radar and integrated air defense and early warning, and a ubiquity of airfields - they could cover the whole island pretty well.

In the Med in 1943 airfields were much more widely dispersed, early warning nets were crude or non-existant, and battlefields were sometimes beyond the range of Spitfires. The Luftwaffe could still achieve local air superiority temporarily, if at some cost. In Russia in 1942 German bombers and FBs did not always need to be escorted. By 1943 pressure was increasing but with an escort Stukas were still clearly useful.

Like I said, I don't particularly like the Stuka myself, I think they should have replaced it with a faster and more versatile aircraft - but after a long time of wondering why they kept the Stuka in production for so long, reading day to day battle accounts gave me the answer - the Stuka could hit their targets, particularly tanks but also ships and artillery batteries and so on, so much more frequently than other bombers - or fighter bombers, that it must have been hard to give up. Stuka attacks were decisive in many tank battles particularly in Russia, but going back to the Battle of France.

They also didn't suffer the kind of losses you might expect, unlike in the Battle of Britain in the Med and Russian Front while they did bleed a steady attrition, they didn't just get wiped out in huge numbers typically. I attribute this to the high maneuverability and general toughness of the aircraft. In the hands of an experienced pilot (like that creep Rudel) they could survive surprisingly well. Quite often in MAW you see where the DAF claimed 8 or 10 Stukas but the Germans only actually lost 2 or 3, with another 3 or 4 returning to base damaged or crash-landing with moderate (but repairable) damage. They also seem not to have taken very heavy losses to flak though I'm at a loss to explain why.

In the Med the Stuka squadrons were quick to jettison bombs (even over their own troops sometimes) and flee if they saw fighters coming and had no available escort.

S
 
Last edited:
Can we stop with the flights of fancy or "timmy the power gamer" crap?

Timmy the power gamer? We don't even know each other. You wound me sir!

the BEST Russian 20mm shell carried 6.7 grams of HE. It would be extremely lucky to blow the wheel of a MK I let alone a heavy tank.

Lets try to ground this in reality, the Russians had API ammo available for their 20mm guns (96 grams of solid steel @750 meters per second), and AP 20mm can punch right through any part of the armor of a Mk I or a Mk II, or any halftrack, armored car, self-propelled artillery gun and so forth, and regular 20mm HE can shred any truck, primary mover, etc. not to mention tearing apart the poor horses and horse-drawn carts which were the main transportation method of the Heer. This is in fact the main way that Tactical air attacks impacted ground forces, either in Russia or in the West - destroying the lighter and softer targets.

For the heavy tanks, the planes with the heavy guns were used - and as I already pointed out, the Russians also had 23mm, 37mm and 45mm guns in their fighters for just that reason. Much as Western forces put 40mm guns in the Hurri IID or 75mm cannon in later model B-25s.

Now i don't know precisely how many joules of energy it takes to knock the wheel off of a Pz IV or a Panther, but I was in the military myself and I do know from personal experience that it's disappointingly easy to knock the track off of an armored vehicle. And a pain in the arse to put it back on. I also know that a 20mm AP round can punch through the top armor (or back engine grille) on a Pz IV or StuGG III, though it's not easy to hit that in a strafing attack.

The analogy of a grenade to a 20mm shell is ludicrous. Aircraft aren't tossing a single 20mm shell onto a tank. It's a shower of shells and solid AP bullets slamming into the target at 2,600 fps- even a supposedly inferior ShVAK was an automatic weapon shooting 800 rounds per minute/ 13 rounds per second. A two or 3 second burst from one of those can give you quite a headache.

An example of a similar auto-cannon firing for 6 seconds:

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oc9E8_ZuESQ


Ah yes, the old nose gun accuracy claim.

We seem to be stuck in a quality vs. quantity debate. I'm not saying that quantity isn't helpful, I'm saying that quality helps too - and there is more than one way to skin a cat. This is why for example when they added guns to 'strafer' B-25s they put them in the nose and the fuselage rather than way out on the outer wings, since it was widely understood that widely spaced wing guns were less accurate. It's also one of the reasons why the Soviets removed the wing guns from the P-39s (even though they got them for free).

From Wiki......" Early testing demonstrated that, when fired from 500 m (1,640 ft), a mere 1.1% of 186 fired RS-82 hit a single tank and 3.7% hit a column of tanks.

True - rocket accuracy wasn't great. Ground attack accuracy of any kind was not great in WW2. As you so bitterly pointed out, we are not talking about laser-guided bombs here. With rockets, we know this was also true with Typhoons and P-47s. Again - the size of the rocket doesn't matter if you can't hit. But I don't think you are considering the actual math. Even though the Anglo-Americans also knew that rockets were not accurate, that didn't stop them from adding them to every aircraft that was flying ground attack missions, from Corsairs to Typhoons and Thunderbolts, Lightnings and Mustangs, as quick as they could sort it out. The Russians just sorted it out earlier.

But I don't think you are thinking through that math. Even if it's 1% accuracy (a rate which I believe got better with experience both for Typhoon pilots an LaGG-3 or I-16 pilots, but lets put that aside for a moment). Even assuming the worst, think about the math.

1% per rocket. 8 rockets per fighter per sortie. Lets say on the front the VVS has ~500 fighters available that can carry rockets, and we know that in some cases they flew 2 or 3 sorties per day. But the Luftwaffe intervenes, many Russian fighters have to fly escort or CAP. Weather and flak and poor navigation intervene. So lets say 100 sorties on a typical a day with 8 rockets each, that means - 800 rockets fired in a day. That means 80 hits per day. Lets say very conservatively one quarter of those hits cause serious damage. 20 damaged vehicles per day. 560 per month if the weather holds - lets say the weather is bad so there are only 15 flying days per month. That's still 300 damaged or disabled vehicles per month - just from fighters, not Sturmoviks or "light" but very accurate dive-bombers like the Pe-2. That is a serious problem if you are the Germans.

And that is just in a typical month. If there is a major battle going on, the Soviets can easily manage 300 sorties a day or more. As in fact they did for example at Kursk.

Speed is a bit less important when doing ground attack, there should be accompanying fighters in clean condition to engage enemy fighters while the planes tasked with ground attack do their work.

Should be but often there wasn't. Sometimes there are no fighters available for escort, sometimes they get involved in combat and fly out of sight, sometimes they get shot down. Speed is very important in surviving ground attack.


I think I can prove, if necessary (though it really should not be necessary) that Russian fighters destroyed vastly, vastly more tanks than all the Blenheims, Battles and Lysanders combined. Plus I'll throw in all the French bombers too gratis.

S
 
Last edited:

The Russian 20mm was just not that good, yes it had AP ammo but the ammo had about 36,600 joules at the muzzle which is certainly better than German 20mm ammo, however the 20mm Hispano had about 47-49,000 joules depending on exact load and projectile. The Hispano retained velocity/energy better over distance. The Russian 20mm may not have been any better than the Russian 12.7mm machine gun (which was about 10% more powerful than the US .50cal using AP)


The 23mm WVa was rarely used on a single engine fighter. it was about 26kg heavier than the 20mm gun with a much larger breech section.
Yes it was used in prototypes or small trial batches (russians tended to build dozens or even a hundred planes at a time for operational trials)
I haven't looked at the Yaks yet but they built about 20 Lagg-3s with the 37mm Sh-37 gun (which weighed 200- 300kg, sources differ) and got them into action in early 1942, their next action was in Sept of 1942 when they attacked a formation of german bombers and shot 13 (claimed) for a loss of only 7 Laggs, the low rate of attrition for the Laggs was credited to the escorting Yak fighters. By Dec 1942 they were changing to the lighter (170kg) NS-37 gun that fired faster and allowed for ammo.
I have no idea of the total production numbers. but only 240 of the Sh-37 gun were supposed to have been built including the ones on IL-2s.
The use of light 20mm guns against tanks needs a good looking at, top armor on a MK IV was 10mm, if you are attacking in a 30 degree dive (30 degrees from horizontal) the armor is going to act about 3 times thicker than than at a 90 degree impact. This varies a bit with exact projectile and impact velocity but as the impact angle gets more acute the tendency to ricochet increases. Unless you are diving at over 30 degrees the chances of going through the top armor at pretty slim.
American 75 mm was pretty lousy against tanks as the rate of fire was poor (2-3 shots per firing pass) with large changes in range between shots.




Sometimes they put the guns in the fuselage because it was easier or sometimes because other 'stuff' like fuel tanks got in the way. I would note that the A-26 could be fitted with under wing gun pods although the ammunition was contained in the wing.




No. the math says 8 hits out of 800 fired not 80.

I think I can prove, if necessary (though it really should not be necessary) that Russian fighters destroyed vastly, vastly more tanks than all the Blenheims, Battles and Lysanders combined. Plus I'll throw in all the French bombers too gratis.

Well, I would hope that tens of thousands of russian fighter could destroy vastly more tanks (I will even through in soft vehicles) than 5-600 British bombers, ground attack aircraft. But the disparity in numbers used really points to the uselessness of just comparing the total number of targets destroyed.
 
No. the math says 8 hits out of 800 fired not 80.

My bad on the math, I was a little too hasty there - I still think 2 vehicles a day from the fighters alone is a big problem for the Germans.

I'm also certain that the DAF would have loved to have had rocket capability on their fighters if it was available in 1942.

S
 
This is why for example when they added guns to 'strafer' B-25s they put them in the nose and the fuselage rather than way out on the outer wings, since it was widely understood that widely spaced wing guns were less accurate.

Wasn't that a case of convenience?

As in, there was a lot of space in the nose of the B-25 and it was relatively easy to mount gins in a modified nose. Wing guns, on the other hand, would require modification of the wings to fit the guns inside or hang gun pods, which probably werne't available either.

Note that the Beaufighter had 4 x 20mm near the centreline of the aircraft, but 6 0.303" mgs mounted in the wings - 4 on one side and 2 on the other.


It's also one of the reasons why the Soviets removed the wing guns from the P-39s (even though they got them for free).

Or was that to improve performance?
 
The whole wing guns vs Fuselage guns has showed up in numerous threads with, sad to say, no real documentation. A few aces comments aside most of us are left guessing. I can certainly understand some fighters perhaps having problems with with wing flex, other fighters not so much.
Unfortunately many of these discussions get caught up in long range fire( without anybody actually say what long range is in yds/meters) and most pilots had no idea what ranges they were really shooting at. The British did a study of pilots firing at towed target sleeves ( and the study may have been fawed, I don't know) but nobody was shooting back and the only pressure was who bought first round at the pub that night.
They were instructed to fire at 300yds. Ground observers and gun camera film analysis showed many of the pilots were opening fire at 800 to 1200 yds which of course makes a mockery of any reasonable cross over distance. Of course any fuselage mounted gun would be shooting dozens of feet below the target and considering the time of flight to 1000 yds is well over 3 times the time of flight to 300yds any attempt at deflection shooting is going to be a total failure. At those ranges tracers will tell you where you should have been shooting 3 seconds ago!
Assuming your ammo even has tracers that last 1000yds.

If the pilot fires at anywhere near the appropriate range they shouldn't be that much of a problem. Take a P-47 with it's guns just over 12 ft apart. Set the guns to cross at 300yds and the bullets will be 8 ft apart at 100yds (maybe you can squeeze a small fighter between the bullet streams?) at 200 yds the bullet streams are 4 feet apart. Big deal. At 300 yds they are crossing, at 400yds back to 4 ft apart, at 500yds 8 ft and at 600yds back to the full 12 feet. If you are shooting at bombers, large trucks, railroad cars, barges, etc it doesn't amount to anything.
 

I don't think it was harder to mount gun-pods under the wings



vs. along the side of the nose





But if you did mount them on the wings, you would either have to put them outside of the prop arcs (and probably way out which equals a wider spread) or put a synchronizer on them which reduces the ROF. If outside like on the Beaufighter ....

Note that the Beaufighter had 4 x 20mm near the centreline of the aircraft, but 6 0.303" mgs mounted in the wings - 4 on one side and 2 on the other.

...the extra wide spread makes the effectiveness of the wing guns marginal

Or was that to improve performance?

I think so. But the accuracy is a factor too - the Russians specifically preferred nose guns to wing guns. The only Russian fighters with wing guns (IIRC) were the I-16 and possibly some versions of the I-153. One of the reasons they preferred the P-39 to the P-40 was specifically nose guns only (once they took out the wing guns) vs. wing guns. It's also one of the reasons they didn't really like the Spitfire.

S
 

Any sources to back up all of these claims?
 
Any sources to back up all of these claims?

yes various interviews with Russian aces on that lend-lease.ru site. This is news? I thought that was a fairly well-known fact. It would take me a while and a little effort but I could go through and pull excerpts from a few of them.

The German pilots also noted that they preferred the nose cannon (even the original light 15mm one) on the Bf 109F to the wing-cannon on the Bf 109E. This too is available from various interviews.

S
 

About the 109F with a single cannon - that was a thing of individual preference. Some people (Galland, Oesau) judged that move as a loss of firepower, Galland going as far as having two MG FFM cannons installed in his 109F.
Soviets, apart from a handful of 4-cannon Hurricanes and 8-HMG P-47s received, never have had opportunity to fly a real performer with 4 cannons, or with 6-8 HMGs. So it is a thing of what one has more experience with, and that is a 'central battery'. I doubt that armament of two cannons, even if those were wing-mounted, was a thing that disqualified the Spitfires in Soviet eyes. The same Spitfires that Stalin was clamoring for.
 
Sometimes prejudice will trump actual testing (and if testing is not done?)
Please note on the P-39 that the ammo for the under wing guns was held in the wing, pretty much where the .30 cal ammo went. Trying add an under wing pod to a P-40 or P-51 is going to be a lot harder or need a much bigger pod.
Getting the guns and ammo out of the wing increased roll response (but not peak roll rate?) in addition to improving climb.

It was usually no great trick to angle the guns slightly inward so all bullet streams would intersect at a give point. Often times it was NOT doctrine to do so (British especially had a number of different "patterns" the guns were aligned for so at least one gun would hit even if all the others missed.)



at 300yds you only have to point a gun 15 feet out on the wing inwards by about 1 degree to get it to hit on the centerline, Please note on the P-39 that each wheel is 5'8'' from the center line so guns are how far out?

Russians tried under wing gun pods on the Mig-3 but the change in performance meant that the planes with pods often could not keep formation with the planes without pods. The Mig 3 had one synchronized 12.7mm machine gun (not through the hub) and two 7.62mm machine guns so if any modern (post I-16) Russian fighter needed more guns it was the Mig-3. I don't know if there were operational problems (guns freezing at altitude).

as far as ace's comments go, I once had a rifle coach I knew well make this comment about Gary Anderson who used to tilt/cant his rifle to one side when shooting (two time Olympic gold medal winner)

which was contrary to all accepted wisdom of the time. Many shooters started copying him.
This Coach I knew said " Did Gary Anderson win those gold medals because he tilted the rifle or in spite of tilting the rifle?"
Without knowing why Gary Anderson tilted/canted the rifle we are left guessing.

This coach had coached an NCAA national record setter, and number of kids who got NCAA scholarships. He didn't have dogma that he preached, He figured that since all shooters were not the same height, weight, build (arm length, neck length, etc) no one position/technique was the "best". He figured it was up to the shooter and coach working together to figure out what was best for each shooter.

I will note that if you are going to cant the rifle you had better cant it exactly the same each time

People in many sports or endeavours will copy the equipment or style of most successful without fully understanding the effects of the equipment or the reason for the style.
 
About the 109F with a single cannon - that was a thing of individual preference. Some people (Galland, Oesau) judged that move as a loss of firepower, Galland going as far as having two MG FFM cannons installed in his 109F.

I think that is explainable by the targets - if you were dealing with 4 engined bombers or heavily armed Sturmoviks, yes more cannon are probably necessary and the gunpods are worth the sacrifice. If you are dealing with enemy fighters or light / medium bombers (i.e, in the Med / Africa), not so much.

Please note, I didn't say that nose guns were necessarily better across the board, I said they were widely believed to be more accurate which sounds similar but is not the same thing. I think nose guns were more accurate at comparatively short range specifically. I think they were used much less for deflection shooting (though there were notable exceptions - Marseille for example)

There are advantages and disadvantages to both approaches, just as there between 20mm cannon in general vs. heavy machine guns.

From reading a lot of pilot interviews, I would say nose guns are better for close range and carefully aimed shots, large numbers of wing guns are better at long range and snap shots. The former can be much more precise, getting kills with as few as 2-3 carefully aimed shells, while the latter can be better at snap shots, head-on passes, and leading in wildly turning fights, and also at very long range. In MAW, Russell Browns desert warriors, and various Pacific Theater accounts there are several cases where P-40s, Wildcats, Hellcats, P-47s or P-51s got kills from very long range. Clive Caldwell shot down the famous experten Hans-Arnold Stahlschmidt from 800 meters below, as witnessed by Hans Joachim Marseille among 3 other pilots. This is something you can do with multiple .50 cal macine guns but not so easily with a single nose-cannon.


Well they had Spitfires which could be configured I think for either 2 or 4 cannon, or at least, I know Spit V could be.

It's not a mystery what happened with Soviet spitfires. They used their ~150 Spit Vs in the Kuban region, basically until they were mostly all wiped out. They didn't do that well with them in spite of taking a fairly elaborate training and familiarization period like they did with the P39, though there could be a number of reasons why. Their ~1200 Spit IX from what I understand were mostly used for PVO, basically combat air patrol units, where their high altitude performance was valued since they could prevent attacks by higher flying medium bombers. The Germans did do some serious damage for example to aircraft factories early in the war so there certainly was a need. But the Russians didn't like them or get as much use out of them as you might think they would have.

They clearly liked the P-39 better and they got more kills (and had many ore aces and HSU recipients) with P39s and with their P-40s.

But by late 1943 in general they preferred their Yak and La 5 series most of all, with a few exceptions (some pilots did seem to prefer P39s). The Anglo American fighters were very important, critical even, during the period of mid- 1942 to mid -1943. But declined in importance after that.

S
 
Last edited:
I'm sure some people would debate the definition of a medium bomber "to death" - the Soviets classified the B-25 as a "light bomber".

S

Definitions are always open to debate
But let me make this small correction: Soviets did not classified B-25 as light bomber. Actually, it was mostly used in night/long range operations as replacement of Il-4. "Long" range - in VVS terminology, yes - definitions again.
 

Users who are viewing this thread