Fairchild PT-19 Cornell ?
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Fairchild PT-19 Cornell ?
Viking1066
Brigadier General
Overflying the Thousand Islands off Jakarta, then Batavia 1922 the net
Viking1066
Brigadier General
Piper L-4B Cub (J-3C-65D) Poland 1947-1949 the net
Viking1066
Brigadier General
WRENS with Sea Hurricane (IWM) the net
In another effort to distinguish women from men in uniform, removing the visor from the officer's service cap/cover is dorky and just demeaning ... especially as it leaves no place for senior officer's "scrambled eggs!" I'm surprised they didn't add a lacy face veil which was the fashion for women's hats at the time.
The Friedrichshafen FF.29 was a maritime reconnaissance floatplane built for the Imperial German Navy's (Kaiserliche Marine) Naval Air Service (Marine-Fliegerabteilung) that was produced by Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen during World War I.
The aircraft entered service in November 1914, mostly conducting maritime patrols over the North Sea and the English Channel, and played a small role in the Raid on Cuxhaven the following month. A FF.29 became the first aircraft to be transported by a submarine when it was used in experiments in January 1915.
The FF.29 participated in experiments to extend the floatplane's range by transporting it aboard a submarine closer to its operational area. The captain of SM U-12, Lieutenant (Kapitänleutnant) Walther Forstmann, submerged his boat just enough to allow the FF.29 to taxi over his forward hull and then blew his ballast tanks to raise the floatplane out of the water.
The aircraft entered service in November 1914, mostly conducting maritime patrols over the North Sea and the English Channel, and played a small role in the Raid on Cuxhaven the following month. A FF.29 became the first aircraft to be transported by a submarine when it was used in experiments in January 1915.
The FF.29 participated in experiments to extend the floatplane's range by transporting it aboard a submarine closer to its operational area. The captain of SM U-12, Lieutenant (Kapitänleutnant) Walther Forstmann, submerged his boat just enough to allow the FF.29 to taxi over his forward hull and then blew his ballast tanks to raise the floatplane out of the water.
MiTasol
Major
And the visor provides sun protection for the eyes that the "stronger" sex need but the "weaker" sex apparently do not.
Greg Boeser
1st Lieutenant
Chicks that squint are hot!
Let me note two often overlooked almost century old aircraft that are not only still flying, but even in limited production!!
First is the Piper Cub J-3, evolving with mostly engine changes from the 1929 Taylor Cub E-2, initially powered by a 20 hp Brownback "Tiger Kitten" engine. Since the young offspring of the tiger is called a cub, the name followed ... and stuck, though the engine was a dud.
Over 23,500 Cubs were built across the main Piper and Taylor Cub series starting from the early Taylor designs, now including 700 units of the modernized Carbon Cub. Piper/Taylor produced them in four US factories, with other production in Canada and Brazil as well as many suppliers of parts, enough to assemble a complete aircraft.
The CubCrafters Carbon Cub is a lightweight, backcountry-optimized redesign of the classic Piper Super Cub, featuring roughly 50% fewer parts and weighing over 300 pounds less than traditional models. It uses a high-strength chromoly steel fuselage cage, carbon fiber components, glass panel, Titan CC340 180-hp, modified Lycoming O-320, or even a turbine and extreme Short Takeoff and Landing (STOL) performance.
Taylor Cub - Wikipedia
Then there's the Russian biplane Polikarpov Po-2, The prototype, then designated the U-2, powered by a 74 kW (99 hp) Shvetsov M-11 air-cooled five-cylinder radial engine, first flew on June 24, 1927. It initially was a transport or trainer, evolving into crop dusting, glider tugging, ambulance, ski/floatplane, and becoming best known as the aircraft used by the WWII 588th Night Bomber Regiment, composed of all-woman "Night Witches" pilots and ground crew. The unit became famous for daring low-altitude harassment bombing (including rockets, grenades and even Molotov Cocktails) night raids on German rear-area positions.
It was also used in Korea in that role, even officially credited with a "maneuver kill" against a then super high-tech U.S. Air Force Lockheed jet F-94 Starfire which crashed while slowing down under 100 mph trying to intercept the slow-flying wooden biplane, dropping below its stall speed. Although a USMC AD-4 from VMC-1 shot down a Po-2, the only documented Skyraider air victory of the war.
The Po-2 was widely exported, not only to Russian bloc countries, but all over the world, especially useful in developing nations. An estimated 20,000 to 33,000 Polikarpov Po-2 biplanes were officially built, though total production figures—including unlicensed and workshop-rebuilt airframes—are widely believed by historians to reach 40,000 or more, easily making it the most produced aircraft ever.
The Po-2 was in and out of Russian production in three plants as late as the 1990s but has been supplemented by parts and full aircraft production in many countries where it is heavily used, including local flying clubs and technical groups continuing assembling or building replacement airframes in Russia and other countries to this day.
Polikarpov Po-2 - Wikipedia
Bragging a bit, I got to fly a single seat Po-2 used as a glider tug at RAF Cranbrook. My check out, by the regular Russian speaking pilot, was a cursory gesturing run through the few instruments, all with Cyrillic markings. And then, using pilot style hand gestures, he inclined his hand upward, with "hondred kilometre," then level with "hondred kilometre," and of course in a descent with "hondred kilometre ... you fly!"
First is the Piper Cub J-3, evolving with mostly engine changes from the 1929 Taylor Cub E-2, initially powered by a 20 hp Brownback "Tiger Kitten" engine. Since the young offspring of the tiger is called a cub, the name followed ... and stuck, though the engine was a dud.
Over 23,500 Cubs were built across the main Piper and Taylor Cub series starting from the early Taylor designs, now including 700 units of the modernized Carbon Cub. Piper/Taylor produced them in four US factories, with other production in Canada and Brazil as well as many suppliers of parts, enough to assemble a complete aircraft.
The CubCrafters Carbon Cub is a lightweight, backcountry-optimized redesign of the classic Piper Super Cub, featuring roughly 50% fewer parts and weighing over 300 pounds less than traditional models. It uses a high-strength chromoly steel fuselage cage, carbon fiber components, glass panel, Titan CC340 180-hp, modified Lycoming O-320, or even a turbine and extreme Short Takeoff and Landing (STOL) performance.
Taylor Cub - Wikipedia
Then there's the Russian biplane Polikarpov Po-2, The prototype, then designated the U-2, powered by a 74 kW (99 hp) Shvetsov M-11 air-cooled five-cylinder radial engine, first flew on June 24, 1927. It initially was a transport or trainer, evolving into crop dusting, glider tugging, ambulance, ski/floatplane, and becoming best known as the aircraft used by the WWII 588th Night Bomber Regiment, composed of all-woman "Night Witches" pilots and ground crew. The unit became famous for daring low-altitude harassment bombing (including rockets, grenades and even Molotov Cocktails) night raids on German rear-area positions.
It was also used in Korea in that role, even officially credited with a "maneuver kill" against a then super high-tech U.S. Air Force Lockheed jet F-94 Starfire which crashed while slowing down under 100 mph trying to intercept the slow-flying wooden biplane, dropping below its stall speed. Although a USMC AD-4 from VMC-1 shot down a Po-2, the only documented Skyraider air victory of the war.
The Po-2 was widely exported, not only to Russian bloc countries, but all over the world, especially useful in developing nations. An estimated 20,000 to 33,000 Polikarpov Po-2 biplanes were officially built, though total production figures—including unlicensed and workshop-rebuilt airframes—are widely believed by historians to reach 40,000 or more, easily making it the most produced aircraft ever.
The Po-2 was in and out of Russian production in three plants as late as the 1990s but has been supplemented by parts and full aircraft production in many countries where it is heavily used, including local flying clubs and technical groups continuing assembling or building replacement airframes in Russia and other countries to this day.
Polikarpov Po-2 - Wikipedia
Bragging a bit, I got to fly a single seat Po-2 used as a glider tug at RAF Cranbrook. My check out, by the regular Russian speaking pilot, was a cursory gesturing run through the few instruments, all with Cyrillic markings. And then, using pilot style hand gestures, he inclined his hand upward, with "hondred kilometre," then level with "hondred kilometre," and of course in a descent with "hondred kilometre ... you fly!"
Nice shots!
In the Navy men has no visor hats as well, at least the lower ranks. I know it from experience and honestly didn't miss the visor at all. There was one point: when the wind was stronger (and around big waters this is usually the case), hats with visors were blown away easier than those without. It's a fact!
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MiTasol
Major
Thanks for that. It is one of those things that makes sense once you know why.
Based on the variety of US military women's proposed and implemented uniforms, I'm sure that some Navy admin MALE bureaucrat just decided to 'feminize' the nurse uniforms and would be amazed if sunshade or wind blowing paid any part. Check out my post on WASP uniforms, and note the difference between what the male brass proposed, versus what Jackie Cochran fought for and obtained. I stand by my 'dorky and demeaning' comment, and note that nurses were officers, deserving as much respect as male officers and chiefs, and not ridicule ... and their duty stations were indoors, away from sun and wind.
We quickly learned aboard carriers, not to wear service caps on the flight deck underway, but our 'piss cutter' folding flat hats. They were costly to replace, and you didn't have space in tight quarters for more than a couple cap frames, changing the cloth cover from white to khaki to navy blue, and even aviation green in my day.
Enlisted WAVE standard issued uniforms were a cruel joke, with a "one shape suits all" style that meant that a barracks mate with altering skills and a sewing machine was a prized ship mate. Their normal fit made Dogpatch feed sack outfits look like Paris fashions.
Fortunately, the brimless abortion's time was brief, and the replacement evolved into something more suitable for distaff enlisted and officers.
MiTasol
Major
I agree with your comment that some military uniforms for women were dorky and/or demeaning however the WASPs spent about the same amount of time outside on the flight line as some male pilots. I would suggest that operational pilots, especially bomber pilots, probably did a lot less time in the open than the female ferry pilots who were running a shuttle from point A to point B and doing multiple flights per day. Worse still they were flying multiple types instead of being wedded to a single aircraft.
A one-off modified British experimental Hawker Tempest was used by Napier to test experimental cooling systems for its massive 24-cylinder liquid-cooled flat H-24 Napier Sabre engine with sleeve valve cylinders. It was fitted with a unique, prominent ducted spinner propeller configuration and an annular radiator.
The "cooling drag" created by the chin radiator has been claimed to comprise 13% of the total drag of the Tempest. By fitting an annular radiator this was expected to be reduced to just 4.5%. Note variations in these photos.
The annular radiator configurations showed genuine performance gains, reducing cooling drag by up to 17.5% and increasing level speeds by 11–14 mph. However, the annular radiator and ducted spinner assembly added roughly 180 lbs in weight, and the complex machinery—including internal cooling fans and sliding annular gills—required tight manufacturing tolerances that offered diminishing returns.
The concept did not fail due to a single mechanical flaw in the cooling itself, but rather because the war ended. With less need post war, the modification didn't proceed beyond the experimental stage.
Earlier Focke-Wulf Fw-190 Prototypes V-1 and V2 featured large, low-drag ducted spinners that gave their noses a bulbous, streamlined look. However, the design severely restricted airflow and caused the air-cooled BMW 139 14-cylinder, two-row air-cooled radial engine to overheat, prompting Focke-Wulf to abandon the ducted spinner in favor of a conventional spinner and a cooling fan in the BMW 801 versions.
Annular cooling was also tried on the Ju288 V5 with 2 liquid-cooled Jumo 222s, configured with six inline cylinder banks spaced at equal angles around the crankcase, each bank having four cylinders. The complex 24-cylinder engine was an unreliable failure, never producing hoped for output, dooming the Ju288.
Does anyone know of other applications of this potentially promising cooling technique?
The "cooling drag" created by the chin radiator has been claimed to comprise 13% of the total drag of the Tempest. By fitting an annular radiator this was expected to be reduced to just 4.5%. Note variations in these photos.
The annular radiator configurations showed genuine performance gains, reducing cooling drag by up to 17.5% and increasing level speeds by 11–14 mph. However, the annular radiator and ducted spinner assembly added roughly 180 lbs in weight, and the complex machinery—including internal cooling fans and sliding annular gills—required tight manufacturing tolerances that offered diminishing returns.
The concept did not fail due to a single mechanical flaw in the cooling itself, but rather because the war ended. With less need post war, the modification didn't proceed beyond the experimental stage.
Earlier Focke-Wulf Fw-190 Prototypes V-1 and V2 featured large, low-drag ducted spinners that gave their noses a bulbous, streamlined look. However, the design severely restricted airflow and caused the air-cooled BMW 139 14-cylinder, two-row air-cooled radial engine to overheat, prompting Focke-Wulf to abandon the ducted spinner in favor of a conventional spinner and a cooling fan in the BMW 801 versions.
Annular cooling was also tried on the Ju288 V5 with 2 liquid-cooled Jumo 222s, configured with six inline cylinder banks spaced at equal angles around the crankcase, each bank having four cylinders. The complex 24-cylinder engine was an unreliable failure, never producing hoped for output, dooming the Ju288.
Does anyone know of other applications of this potentially promising cooling technique?
Designed by Earnst Heinkel, the Hansa-Brandenburg W.12 was an Imperial German Navy WWI two‑seat biplane fighter floatplane used in successful service on the North Sea. Apparently the Dutch got this in war reparations, in 1919 the government of the Netherlands obtaining the licence to build the aircraft. .
While the curiously located rudder may have given the rear seat gunner a better field of fire, it always seemed to me that the whole tailplane was designed by an artist, not an aerodynamicist.
Viking1066
Brigadier General
Koolhoven FK58 line up the net
Viking1066
Brigadier General
MD 312 Flamant the net
Viking1066
Brigadier General
WASPs with B-17 Tail Guns the net
cammerjeff
Tech Sergeant
Off the top of my head there was the P-66 prototype compared with the final conventinal cowling same engine.
source Vultee P-66 Vanguard | Defense Media Network
And I think the Japanese J2M is also in the conversation with the extension shaft and fan cooled engine.
source Mitsubishi J2M Raiden - Wikipedia
