And next : " Run through the jungle ".
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And next : " Run through the jungle ".
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William J. Johnston (July 12, 1850 – September 16, 1941) was a drummer boy in Company D of the 3rd Vermont Infantry during the American Civil War. When his division was routed during the Seven Days Battles during the Peninsula Campaign of June to July 1862, he was the only drummer to come away with his instrument. His superiors considered this a meritorious feat, given that the regiment's other soldiers had thrown away their guns and equipment to lighten their loads as they retreated. As a result, he received the Medal of Honor in 1863 at age 13, and he remains the youngest recipient of the award.
𝐄𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐲 𝐥𝐢𝐟𝐞
Johnston was born in Morristown, New York, in July 1850, a son of Eliza and William B. H. Johnston, both natives of England. His mother died while he was young and the family had moved to Montreal, Canada, by 1853 where his father, a civil engineer, married Thérèse E. Martin at Montreal's St. George Anglican Church. The Johnston family moved to Salem, Vermont (now part of Derby) in 1858, where William Johnston either purchased or rented a farm. In the 1860 federal census, William Johnston gave his occupation as an innkeeper, with the inn he operated probably being located in nearby Coventry.
𝐂𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐥 𝐖𝐚𝐫 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞
𝐄𝐧𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭
Johnston's father enlisted in the 3rd Vermont Infantry in June 1861 and the regiment mustered at St. Johnsbury on July 16. Willie Johnston was formally enlisted in Company D as a drummer on December 11, 1861, but was originally denied pay, because the regiment's officers thought he was too young. In June 1862, he was approved to receive pay, which was backdated to his December 1861 enlistment. The regiment's rolls at the time of his enlistment list him as 11 years old and five feet tall. His father was a member of Company B, attained the rank of corporal, and served in the regimental colour guard.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐚 𝐂𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐠𝐧
The 3rd Vermont was assigned to Brooks' 1st Vermont Brigade, Smith's 2nd Division, and Keyes' IV Corps, for McClellan's Peninsula Campaign.
The regiment served throughout the Peninsula Campaign in Virginia, including the Seven Days Battles of June 25 to July 1, 1862. These battles resulted in a victory for the Confederates, and on July 1, 1862, Smith's division was posted to positions on Turkey Creek in Charles City County when it began its nighttime withdrawal. During the retreat, many men threw away all their equipment so they would have less weight to carry and could move more quickly, but Johnston kept his drum. The division arrived at Harrison's Landing early on the morning of July 2, with Johnston having brought his drum the whole way. At Harrison's Landing, he had the honour of drumming for the division parade on July 4, since he was the only drummer in the division who had brought his instrument off the battlefield.
𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐭-𝐚𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞
After the Peninsula campaign, Johnston was reported as having been wounded and was transferred to the Invalid Corps. He served as an attendant at West's Buildings Hospital in Baltimore while assigned to Company 60, 1st Battalion, Invalid Corps, which was later reorganized as Company H, 20th Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps. While assigned to the VRC, Johnston played in the hospital's band and was appointed as a drum major. Despite some bureaucratic issues with his documentation, Johnston is known to have re-enlisted in the 3rd Vermont at Brandy Station, Virginia, on February 15, 1864. He was mustered out of the service on August 31, 1865.
𝐌𝐞𝐝𝐚𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐇𝐨𝐧𝐨𝐫 𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Rank and organization: Musician, Company D, 3rd Vermont Infantry. Place and date: Unknown. Entered service at St. Johnsbury, Vt. Birth: Morristown, N.Y. Date of issue: 16 September 1863.
Citation:
Date and place of act not on record in War Department.
Despite the inability of researchers to locate official documentation about the circumstances of Johnston's Medal of Honor action, the events were covered in contemporary newspaper accounts. According to October 31, 1863, The Caledonian of St. Johnsbury, which was reprinted in the Independent-Standard (Irasburg, Vermont) for October 31, 1863:
Willie Johnston, 13 years old, a drummer boy in Co. D, 3d Vermont Regiment, has received a medal for his heroic conduct in the seven days fight before Richmond. On the retreat, when strong men threw away their guns, knapsacks and blankets that they might have less weight to carry, this little fellow kept his drum and brought it safely to Harrison's Landing, where he had the honour of drumming for the division parade, he being the only drummer who brought his drum from the field."
The Caledonian story credits the division commander, General William Farrar Smith, with making the recommendation to recognize Johnston's heroism. In addition, it indicates that Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton presented the medal at a War Department ceremony. Johnston's personnel file contains a receipt he signed for Stanton's adjutant which acknowledged that Johnston had received his decoration.
In 1916, the Department of War appointed a panel to review awards of the Medal of Honor and determine whether any should be revoked for failing to meet the eligibility criteria. The board reviewed the files on 2,625 awards, including 1,517 presented for action during the Civil War. 911 Medal of Honor awards were revoked, but Johnston's was allowed to stand.
𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐭-𝐰𝐚𝐫 𝐲𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬
The details of Johnston's early education are not known, but he was definitely proficient with the written English language and other topics; surviving letters about his reenlistment and pay issues were prepared in his handwriting, and though they contain minor spelling errors, they are highly literate, and display a clear grasp of grammar, punctuation, and the ability to communicate detailed information clearly and concisely. He attended Norwich University from 1866 to 1868 but left without graduating. In 1867 Johnston competed for a position at the United States Military Academy but was not selected. In the late 1860s, Johnston also played in St. Johnsbury's town band.
He moved to Charlestown, Massachusetts in the late 1860s, where he married Nellie Murphy on March 1, 1870. They were the parents of five children, including Anna Lewis (born 1871), William Henry (born 1872), Mary (born 1874), Charles Cyril (born 1876), and Leo Francis (born 1878). The family lived at 65 Tremont Street and Johnston worked as a machinist.
In May 1888, newspapers reported on the discovery of Johnston's drum, identifiable by a silver commemorative plaque on the back, at a home in Chelsea, Massachusetts. The drum was subsequently turned over to the curator of the Civil War relic room at the Massachusetts State House.
News accounts about Johnston's drum caused newspaper editors in Vermont to attempt to locate Johnston. Johnston's father, by now a resident of Colorado, visited St. Johnsbury later in May and was the source for newspaper stories which indicated that Johnston was a resident of Charlestown before becoming a member of the "naval service," which William Johnston stated had been his son's occupation for several years. United States Navy records for the period do not provide details on "William Johnston" or "William Johnson" that can be conclusively identified as Johnston, raising the possibility that he served under an assumed name or in a support role that would not have required him to be identified on Navy muster or payrolls, such as continuing to work as a machinist. The State House was later searched, but the drum was not located, and subsequent attempts to find it have been unsuccessful. In 1890, a newspaper account indicated that Johnston's father had requested that the plaque from Johnston's drum be sent to him because Johnston was no longer alive. Johnston was not dead in 1890, as evidenced by the Chelsea city directories for the late 1880s, 1890s, and early 1900s, which listed him as a "mariner" and then a "master mariner" indicating that he pursued a career as a merchant sailor and ship captain.
𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐥𝐢𝐟𝐞
In July 1899, Johnston was listed as among the attendees at a Medal of Honor Legion reunion in Burlington, Vermont. His hometown was not noted in the magazine or newspaper articles about the event. He was also known to be alive in 1917 or after, because even though he never applied for the veteran's pension to which he was entitled, or the monthly bonus he was eligible for as a Medal of Honor recipient, his War Department personnel file indicates that in 1917 or perhaps at a later date, he applied for the award of the Civil War Campaign Medal, which in 1913 became available to Union Army veterans who applied to receive it. The exact date, address, and other details are not included in the file.
Some sources indicate that Johnston died at an unknown location on September 16, 1941. However, a valid reference for this information has not been found. Johnston's burial location is unknown, and attempts to locate it have proved unsuccessful.
𝐄𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐲 𝐥𝐢𝐟𝐞
Johnston was born in Morristown, New York, in July 1850, a son of Eliza and William B. H. Johnston, both natives of England. His mother died while he was young and the family had moved to Montreal, Canada, by 1853 where his father, a civil engineer, married Thérèse E. Martin at Montreal's St. George Anglican Church. The Johnston family moved to Salem, Vermont (now part of Derby) in 1858, where William Johnston either purchased or rented a farm. In the 1860 federal census, William Johnston gave his occupation as an innkeeper, with the inn he operated probably being located in nearby Coventry.
𝐂𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐥 𝐖𝐚𝐫 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞
𝐄𝐧𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭
Johnston's father enlisted in the 3rd Vermont Infantry in June 1861 and the regiment mustered at St. Johnsbury on July 16. Willie Johnston was formally enlisted in Company D as a drummer on December 11, 1861, but was originally denied pay, because the regiment's officers thought he was too young. In June 1862, he was approved to receive pay, which was backdated to his December 1861 enlistment. The regiment's rolls at the time of his enlistment list him as 11 years old and five feet tall. His father was a member of Company B, attained the rank of corporal, and served in the regimental colour guard.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐚 𝐂𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐠𝐧
The 3rd Vermont was assigned to Brooks' 1st Vermont Brigade, Smith's 2nd Division, and Keyes' IV Corps, for McClellan's Peninsula Campaign.
The regiment served throughout the Peninsula Campaign in Virginia, including the Seven Days Battles of June 25 to July 1, 1862. These battles resulted in a victory for the Confederates, and on July 1, 1862, Smith's division was posted to positions on Turkey Creek in Charles City County when it began its nighttime withdrawal. During the retreat, many men threw away all their equipment so they would have less weight to carry and could move more quickly, but Johnston kept his drum. The division arrived at Harrison's Landing early on the morning of July 2, with Johnston having brought his drum the whole way. At Harrison's Landing, he had the honour of drumming for the division parade on July 4, since he was the only drummer in the division who had brought his instrument off the battlefield.
𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐭-𝐚𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞
After the Peninsula campaign, Johnston was reported as having been wounded and was transferred to the Invalid Corps. He served as an attendant at West's Buildings Hospital in Baltimore while assigned to Company 60, 1st Battalion, Invalid Corps, which was later reorganized as Company H, 20th Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps. While assigned to the VRC, Johnston played in the hospital's band and was appointed as a drum major. Despite some bureaucratic issues with his documentation, Johnston is known to have re-enlisted in the 3rd Vermont at Brandy Station, Virginia, on February 15, 1864. He was mustered out of the service on August 31, 1865.
𝐌𝐞𝐝𝐚𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐇𝐨𝐧𝐨𝐫 𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Rank and organization: Musician, Company D, 3rd Vermont Infantry. Place and date: Unknown. Entered service at St. Johnsbury, Vt. Birth: Morristown, N.Y. Date of issue: 16 September 1863.
Citation:
Date and place of act not on record in War Department.
Despite the inability of researchers to locate official documentation about the circumstances of Johnston's Medal of Honor action, the events were covered in contemporary newspaper accounts. According to October 31, 1863, The Caledonian of St. Johnsbury, which was reprinted in the Independent-Standard (Irasburg, Vermont) for October 31, 1863:
Willie Johnston, 13 years old, a drummer boy in Co. D, 3d Vermont Regiment, has received a medal for his heroic conduct in the seven days fight before Richmond. On the retreat, when strong men threw away their guns, knapsacks and blankets that they might have less weight to carry, this little fellow kept his drum and brought it safely to Harrison's Landing, where he had the honour of drumming for the division parade, he being the only drummer who brought his drum from the field."
The Caledonian story credits the division commander, General William Farrar Smith, with making the recommendation to recognize Johnston's heroism. In addition, it indicates that Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton presented the medal at a War Department ceremony. Johnston's personnel file contains a receipt he signed for Stanton's adjutant which acknowledged that Johnston had received his decoration.
In 1916, the Department of War appointed a panel to review awards of the Medal of Honor and determine whether any should be revoked for failing to meet the eligibility criteria. The board reviewed the files on 2,625 awards, including 1,517 presented for action during the Civil War. 911 Medal of Honor awards were revoked, but Johnston's was allowed to stand.
𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐭-𝐰𝐚𝐫 𝐲𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬
The details of Johnston's early education are not known, but he was definitely proficient with the written English language and other topics; surviving letters about his reenlistment and pay issues were prepared in his handwriting, and though they contain minor spelling errors, they are highly literate, and display a clear grasp of grammar, punctuation, and the ability to communicate detailed information clearly and concisely. He attended Norwich University from 1866 to 1868 but left without graduating. In 1867 Johnston competed for a position at the United States Military Academy but was not selected. In the late 1860s, Johnston also played in St. Johnsbury's town band.
He moved to Charlestown, Massachusetts in the late 1860s, where he married Nellie Murphy on March 1, 1870. They were the parents of five children, including Anna Lewis (born 1871), William Henry (born 1872), Mary (born 1874), Charles Cyril (born 1876), and Leo Francis (born 1878). The family lived at 65 Tremont Street and Johnston worked as a machinist.
In May 1888, newspapers reported on the discovery of Johnston's drum, identifiable by a silver commemorative plaque on the back, at a home in Chelsea, Massachusetts. The drum was subsequently turned over to the curator of the Civil War relic room at the Massachusetts State House.
News accounts about Johnston's drum caused newspaper editors in Vermont to attempt to locate Johnston. Johnston's father, by now a resident of Colorado, visited St. Johnsbury later in May and was the source for newspaper stories which indicated that Johnston was a resident of Charlestown before becoming a member of the "naval service," which William Johnston stated had been his son's occupation for several years. United States Navy records for the period do not provide details on "William Johnston" or "William Johnson" that can be conclusively identified as Johnston, raising the possibility that he served under an assumed name or in a support role that would not have required him to be identified on Navy muster or payrolls, such as continuing to work as a machinist. The State House was later searched, but the drum was not located, and subsequent attempts to find it have been unsuccessful. In 1890, a newspaper account indicated that Johnston's father had requested that the plaque from Johnston's drum be sent to him because Johnston was no longer alive. Johnston was not dead in 1890, as evidenced by the Chelsea city directories for the late 1880s, 1890s, and early 1900s, which listed him as a "mariner" and then a "master mariner" indicating that he pursued a career as a merchant sailor and ship captain.
𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐥𝐢𝐟𝐞
In July 1899, Johnston was listed as among the attendees at a Medal of Honor Legion reunion in Burlington, Vermont. His hometown was not noted in the magazine or newspaper articles about the event. He was also known to be alive in 1917 or after, because even though he never applied for the veteran's pension to which he was entitled, or the monthly bonus he was eligible for as a Medal of Honor recipient, his War Department personnel file indicates that in 1917 or perhaps at a later date, he applied for the award of the Civil War Campaign Medal, which in 1913 became available to Union Army veterans who applied to receive it. The exact date, address, and other details are not included in the file.
Some sources indicate that Johnston died at an unknown location on September 16, 1941. However, a valid reference for this information has not been found. Johnston's burial location is unknown, and attempts to locate it have proved unsuccessful.
yosimitesam
Airman 1st Class
It's about 2mm of the tungsten filament from an incandescent light bulb. The whole filament was about 10-12mm long. Note the "spiral within the spiral" structure, to increase the effective length of the filament. If you break open an incandescent bulb and look at the filament, your eyes can only see the "outer" (bigger) spiral. This filament was stretched a little when I tried to mount it in a holder, but the outer spiral would normally be continuous across the whole thing. The "inner" (smaller) spiral cannot be seen by the naked eye as there is only 10-15 microns between its "loops." It is amazing that a machine was invented to create this double-spiral from tungsten wire, with the inner spiral being so small as to be essentially invisible. The current administration is trying to ban all incandescent bulbs so you might not be able to see something like this in the future. About 15x magnification.
We used to grow 'em pretty tough here in Vermont. (Even if we get 'em ready made, we're not too proud to claim them as ours!)
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Lucky13
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Maaaan....if only! 
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Lucky13
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Gentlemen, what's the topic for tonight?
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Lucky13
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Lucky13
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Lucky13
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Vic Balshaw
Major General
Are you working in Real Estate now Jan. 
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Lucky13
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I wish Vic, I'd have kept some of these to myself!Are you working in Real Estate now Jan.
manta22
Banned
I was going through some stuff today and found these medals. I bought them in Tokyo when I was 10 years old; they look very ordinary and probably aren't worth much so I may put them on e-Bay.
Vic Balshaw
Major General
I've just run a check on these and they all run at about US$40 to 50 each but as a set I can't say. Also here is a list of what they are in order.
1. Japanese Red Cross Special Membership Madal. Silver.
2. 1894-95 Sino-Japanese War Medal.
3. 1904-05 War Medal.
4. 1904-05 Russo-Japanese War Medal.
5. 1914-20 First World War Medal.
6. 1910 Korean Annexation Commemorative Medal.
The one that is missing, No 5 would look like this:
Snautzer01
Honourably banned
- 38,475
- Mar 26, 2007
Japan WW1 Siberia Interventsion Military Medal 1918-1922I've just run a check on these and they all run at about US$40 to 50 each but as a set I can't say. Also here is a list of what they are in order.
1. Japanese Red Cross Special Membership Madal. Silver.
2. 1894-95 Sino-Japanese War Medal.
3. 1904-05 War Medal.
4. 1904-05 Russo-Japanese War Medal.
5. 1914-20 First World War Medal.
6. 1910 Korean Annexation Commemorative Medal.
The one that is missing, No 5 would look like this:
View attachment 733954
Vic Balshaw
Major General
The same medal was issued for both campaigns.
The 1914-20 First World War Medal - Japanese Military Medals from WW1
The 1914-20 First World War Medal is a Japanese medal established on November 6, 1915 by Imperial Edict No. 203 to commemorate Japanese participation in World War I.
www.identifymedals.com
Snautzer01
Honourably banned
- 38,475
- Mar 26, 2007
Japan WW1 Siberia Interventsion Military Medal 1918-1922
Japan WW1 Siberia Interventsion Military Medal 1918-1922
manta22
Banned
The resident knowledge in this forum is amazing! Thanks to all who contributed to identifying these.I've just run a check on these and they all run at about US$40 to 50 each but as a set I can't say. Also here is a list of what they are in order.
1. Japanese Red Cross Special Membership Madal. Silver.
2. 1894-95 Sino-Japanese War Medal.
3. 1904-05 War Medal.
4. 1904-05 Russo-Japanese War Medal.
5. 1914-20 First World War Medal.
6. 1910 Korean Annexation Commemorative Medal.
The one that is missing, No 5 would look like this:
View attachment 733954
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Lucky13
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manta22
Banned
Pittsburgh Pirates...
