GUADALCANAL: 11th IJNAF Air Fleet begins "I" operation with attacks against Guadalcanal and Tulagi. 180 a/c involved. The airgroups of 4 carriers have been moved to land for this operation. This leaves
almost no trained carrier pilots left.
The Japanese aircraft attack shipping off the east coast of Guadalcanal, off Koli Point and off Tulagi.
The second phase of the Japanese Operation I GO, 67 "Vals" escorted by an estimated 117 "Zeros" are reported by coast watchers to be moving down the "Slot" to attack a convoy off the east coast of Guadalcanal, shipping at Koli point, and a Task Force at Tulagi.
All 75 operable fighters on Guadalcanal, 36 Wildcats, 9 Corsairs, 12 Lightnings, 6 P-40s and 12Airacobras, are scrambled, and the bombers are moved to the southwestern tip of the island for safety.
The air battle takes place off the Russells, near Tulagi, and over the convoy. Marine F4F pilots shoot down 12 "Val" dive bombers and 15 "Zero" fighters; 7 F4Fs and P-38s are shot down with the loss of a
pilot.
The "Vals" attack Allied shipping and sink the corvette HMNZS Moa and the destroyer USS Aaron Ward (DD-483) is damaged by one bomb hit and four near misses. Submarine rescue vessel USS Ortolan (ASR-5) and tug USS Vireo (AT-144) attempt to beach Aaron Ward, but the destroyer sinks as the result of bomb damage. Also damaged are the oilers USS Kanawha (AO-1) and USS Tappahannock (AO-43) and tank landing ship USS LST-449. Later, the tugs USS Rail (AT-139) and USS Menominee (AT-73) and the net tender USS Butternut (YN-9), tow Kanawha into Tulagi harbor, where the damaged oiler is beached just before midnight.
Marine 1st Lt. James E. Swett, on his first combat mission, shot down seven Japanese VAL's over Guadacanal. He's the first American to achieve this score in a single mission.
This is the date we [182nd Regiment, Americal Division, USA] left Guadalcanal for Fiji, in 1943. I knew it was April, and that LIFE magazine had called it "the biggest air raid of the Pacific War so far", but they
thought it was only 100 Japanese planes. Yours says 180 planes. We were on the John Penn when the planes came over.
All our planes were caught on the ground. I sneaked under a 20mm gun mount, rather than be locked below decks, as the Navy did to keep us out of the way. I saw the greatest air raid in my history of 3-1/2 years out there in war. Planes went upwind, downwind, and crosswind clawing for height to attack the enemy. P-38's which were new went straight up like an elevator. Planes were falling with smoke trailing...no way to tell whose.
My late friend, Al Glendye, was Bos'n on a tanker loaded with air plane fuel. The ship was straddled by two 500 lb bombs. Had either landed and blown the ship, others would have gone down with it. J.F. Kennedy' s bio "PT-109" opens with a chapter on this raid. He was coming out as a replacement when their ship pulled into "Iron Bottom Bay".
ADMIRALTY ISLANDS: Fifth Air Force B-17 Flying Fortresses and B-24 Liberators attack Lorengau on Manus Island.
ALEUTIAN ISLANDS: In the Aleutians, the Eleventh Air Force reconnaissance airplane aborts shortly after takeoff due to weather.
BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO: Individual Fifth Air Force B-17s and B-24s attack Cape Gloucester on New Britain Island and Kavieng on New Ireland Island.
BORNEO: USN submarine USS Trout ( SS-202 ) lays mines near Sarawak.
BURMA: 2 Tenth Air Force B-25 Mitchells temporarily knock out a bridge on the Ye-u railroad branch, crossing the Mu River between Ywataung and Monywa; 18 B-25s, in 2 forces, bomb the Ywataung Marshalling Yard; P-40s support ground forces north of Shingbwiyang and 6 B-24 Liberators bomb Japanese HQ at Toungoo.
NEW GUINEA: Fifth Air Force B-25s hit areas along the northeastern coast from Mur to Singor. B-24s bomb the landing ground at Babo and town area of Fak Fak while individual B-17s and B-24s attack shipping and coastal targets at Lae, Salamaua, Finschhafen and Wewak.