Hood vs. Scharnhorst

Hood or Scharnhorst?


  • Total voters
    24

Ad: This forum contains affiliate links to products on Amazon and eBay. More information in Terms and rules

Sorry that you feel that way.

Correct me if I have misunderstood you, but just one of the issues you raised was that the Duke Of York was not fitted with Type 279 Radar.

So how do you explain this???? The Photo, incidentally was taken prior to 1944 according to the internet source that I found the image..... The captions are not mine

I think that Internet sources in a forum such as this have the advantage of being verifiable.

One article from the Nav Weapons site which includes input by such venerable experts as Nathan Okun had this say regarding the application of radar on ships of the KM

Although German radar development was very promising in its early stages it was quickly overtaken by allied technology. One major reason for this was that the German Navy, which was the most conservative of the three services, did not realize the full potential of active radar, leaving the Allies in a favorable position to force the pace of the microwave war. The German Navy had decided that radar transmissions would provide a source from which an enemy could obtain a 'fix' on a ship's position, in the same way that direction-finders could be used to obtain a 'fix' on the source of a radio transmission. Extensive use of radar was therefore discouraged, a decision reinforced by the German belief in the superiority of their optical equipment. It is significant that young officers were taught absolutely nothing about radar and had to learn from scratch about the complex microwave war while on active service, in conditions where any fault could be fatal. It was not until March 1945 that German Naval Command issued Tactical order No 10 entitled Instruction for use of radar aboard surface units.

Thus the story of German naval radar in surface units is one of 'too lates'. The other services, especially the Luftwaffe, the Flak (AA) troops and even coast defense artillery, employed radar skillfully and extensively, while the Navy was tardy in proving information and training in new technology.

Knowledge of high-frequency radio emissions was therefore limited and the quality of the radar aboard German ships depended substantially on the personnel interest of the responsible radio officer. Only a few of these were electronic experts, by virtue of being enthusiastic, and even fewer had good contacts in the electronic industry, thus reducing their chances of improving sets in service. It is not surprising therefore that, under the rough conditions aboard a ship, the sensitive electronic equipment soon deteriorated and became faulty. Many surface units did not have their radar equipment recalibrated during the long periods of their careers! Thus sets became so unreliable that the commander refused to use them - an easy decision, when asked to hold strict radar silence whenever possible.

To counter the superior Allied radar technology, German surface vessels were fitted with more and more passive sets, the field becoming so extended that description of the German passive radar-sets, the Funkmess-Beobachtungsgeräte or FuMBs has been reserved for a separate article.


The article was written by E. Sieche. His bibliograhy was

Bibliography:
Beaver, Paul: U-Boats in the Atlantic, Patrick Stephens, Cambridge 1979;
German Capital Ships, Patrick Stephens, Cambridge, 1981;
German Destroyers and Escorts, Cambridge, 1982
Bekker, Cajus: Die versunkene Flotte, Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1969
Das große Bildbuch der Kriegsmarine, Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1972
Bekker, Cajus: Augen durch Nacht und Nebel, die Radar-Story, Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1962
Breyer, Siegfried/Koop, Gerhard: Von der Emden zur Tirpitz, 2 volumes, Wehr&Wissen, Bonn 1981
Brown, David: Tirpitz, the floating Fortress, Arms Armour Press, London 1977
Friedmann, Norman: Naval Radar, Conway Maritime Press, London 1981
Giessler, Helmut. Der Marine-Nachrichten und -Ortungsdienst, Lehmann, Munich 1971
Harnack, Wolfgang: Zerstörer unter deutscher Flagge, Koehlers, Herford 1978
Herzog, Bodo: Die deutsche Kriegsmarine im Kampf, eine Dokumentation in Bildern, Podzun, Dorheim 1975
Herzog, Bodo/Elfrath, Ulrich: Schlachtschiff Bismarck, ein Bericht in Bildern und Dokumenten, Podzun, Dorheim 1975
Humble, Richard: Hitler's High Seas Fleet, Pan/Ballantine, 1971
Jones, R V: Most Secret War, Hamish Hamilton, London 1978
Mallman-Showel, Jak P: The German Navy in World War Two, Arms Armour, London 1979
Niehaus, Werner: Die Radar-Schlacht, Motorbuch, Stuttgart 1977
Prager, Hans-Georg: Panzerschiff Deutschland, Schwerer Kreuzer Lützow, Koehlers, Herford 1981
Price, Alfred: Instruments of Darkness, W Kimber Co, London 1967
Thomas, Egbert: Torpedoboote und Zerstörer, Gerhard Stalling, Oldbenburg 1970
Schmalenbach, Paul: Kreuzer Prinz Eugen, Koehlers, Herford 1978

Edwin Sieche lives in Vienna and wrote "German Naval Radar to 1945" and published in "Warship" volumes 21 and 22 in 1982

I hardly think these are sources that should not be given some credence. Unfortunately they dont align at all with what you are telling...like the photo

He received assistance from Dipl.-Ing. Heinz-Gerhard Schöck
 

Attachments

  • Duke of  York with Type 279 Radar.jpg
    Duke of York with Type 279 Radar.jpg
    58.2 KB · Views: 182
Yes, hes right in that regard, though he said a lot of other things as well, which at odds with a lot of sources, and then says they are just "propaganda".
 
:evil:
That is becoming quite anoying.

Correct me if I have misunderstood you, but just one of the issues you raised was that the Duke Of York was not fitted with Type 279 Radar.

Now you try to justify all the things that you have said by confound the metric surface search radar type 279 (which you didn´t mentioned previously in none of your previous post) with the gunlaying centimetric radar Type 274?
You have said all the time:
Type 284/284M/274/Fumo 27

There were others, but as far as I am aware they were incapable of detecting the HF radars below the 10cnm wavelengths such as the Type 274.

in that order. Note that DoY was fitted with Type 284M and Type 274 and Scharnhorst with Fumo 27 at the time of the battle

As will be seen below, Naxos was unable to detect either the Type 284M or the
gunnery radars in use by the RN in the battle

Where is the Type 279 mentioned in your posts parsifal? We didn´t discussed about this, but about the Type 284M and Type 274 (both gunlaying sets)

Do you thing that I am joking or that I can´t read, or that I am a liar? I know perfectly both types of radar and their functions.


The article was written by E. Sieche. His bibliograhy was

Bibliography:
Beaver, Paul: U-Boats in the Atlantic, Patrick Stephens, Cambridge 1979;
German Capital Ships, Patrick Stephens, Cambridge, 1981;
German Destroyers and Escorts, Cambridge, 1982
Bekker, Cajus: Die versunkene Flotte, Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1969
Das große Bildbuch der Kriegsmarine, Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1972
Bekker, Cajus: Augen durch Nacht und Nebel, die Radar-Story, Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1962
Breyer, Siegfried/Koop, Gerhard: Von der Emden zur Tirpitz, 2 volumes, Wehr&Wissen, Bonn 1981
Brown, David: Tirpitz, the floating Fortress, Arms Armour Press, London 1977
Friedmann, Norman: Naval Radar, Conway Maritime Press, London 1981
Giessler, Helmut. Der Marine-Nachrichten und -Ortungsdienst, Lehmann, Munich 1971
Harnack, Wolfgang: Zerstörer unter deutscher Flagge, Koehlers, Herford 1978
Herzog, Bodo: Die deutsche Kriegsmarine im Kampf, eine Dokumentation in Bildern, Podzun, Dorheim 1975
Herzog, Bodo/Elfrath, Ulrich: Schlachtschiff Bismarck, ein Bericht in Bildern und Dokumenten, Podzun, Dorheim 1975
Humble, Richard: Hitler's High Seas Fleet, Pan/Ballantine, 1971
Jones, R V: Most Secret War, Hamish Hamilton, London 1978
Mallman-Showel, Jak P: The German Navy in World War Two, Arms Armour, London 1979
Niehaus, Werner: Die Radar-Schlacht, Motorbuch, Stuttgart 1977
Prager, Hans-Georg: Panzerschiff Deutschland, Schwerer Kreuzer Lützow, Koehlers, Herford 1981
Price, Alfred: Instruments of Darkness, W Kimber Co, London 1967
Thomas, Egbert: Torpedoboote und Zerstörer, Gerhard Stalling, Oldbenburg 1970
Schmalenbach, Paul: Kreuzer Prinz Eugen, Koehlers, Herford 1978

Edwin Sieche lives in Vienna and wrote "German Naval Radar to 1945" and published in "Warship" volumes 21 and 22 in 1982

Do you really thing that I don´t know about Erwin Sieche?
I have almost 1/2 of his books and articles.

BTW, the article posted in navweaps, is from 1999. The article is oboslete in some points as He has pointed sometime ago.

like the photo

The photo only gives to me reason. That there was no Type 284 and Type 274 gunlaying radars at same time in the DoY.

You could check some of the works in original (and my translation to Spanish also If you like) by the author David Saxton, to whom I am infinitely indebted for his help and data:

Allied Search Radars - KBismarck.org

May be
 
Parsifal for true hartmann tell not 274 and the pic give him reason

Thanks Vincenzo :oops:(faster than me aswering :oops:)

Yes, hes right in that regard, though he said a lot of other things as well, which at odds with a lot of sources, and then says they are just "propaganda".

Prove that all the data I have given is false with original documents and with those books which I have cited.

Do you t know about the trial data (not theoretical) obtained by the prototypic "Seetakt" in 1937-38?

You would probably understand what I am talking if you see the outstandingly good results (the adoption of the full equiped Seetakt by the Kriegsmarine was much later, in late 1941 because a lot of the German captains considered the radar very complex and instead of that, GEMA gave them a far more simplified and less accurate kit, the first series of FuMOs, but this is another thing).
 
The fundamental myth for me is that german radars were comparable to allied radars. Sieche says, along with a lot of others that it wasnt, ehich runs counter to what you are saying.

You also say that DoY was not equipped with gun laying radr at the time of the north Cape battle. Thats contray to EVERY account I have ever read on this engagement.

Why are you insisting on personalising every word that you or i say in this debate. To me it looks churlish in the extreme. how about a little less emotion. Just because there is a different opinion in the room does not make that person, or their opinion your mortal enemy.

Why are you getting so angry over all of this?
 
The fundamental myth for me is that german radars were comparable to allied radars

Do you mean on battleships or in general? Cause German radar technology was atleast on par with the Allied one, the German fielding perhaps the most advanced in their Wurzburg gun laying radar.
 
You also say that DoY was not equipped with gun laying radr at the time of the north Cape battle. Thats contray to EVERY account I have ever read on this engagement.

Parsifal you don't read hartmann words he tell no 274 but 284 on board as the real.
imho it's not good.
 
Hello Vincenzo
are you saying 284 wasn't good. I didn't bother to look what gunnery radar DoY used at North Cape but its shooting was very good, first salvo hitting and causing fire in magazine of Scharnhorst's "A" turret and some 41 salvos producing hit(s) out of some 55.

Juha
 
Hello Vincenzo
are you saying 284 wasn't good. I didn't bother to look what gunnery radar DoY used at North Cape but its shooting was very good, first salvo hitting and causing fire in magazine of Scharnhorst's "A" turret and some 41 salvos producing hit(s) out of some 55.

Juha

no juha i'm not sayng so.
replying don't reading is not good
 
Do you mean on battleships or in general? Cause German radar technology was atleast on par with the Allied one, the German fielding perhaps the most advanced in their Wurzburg gun laying radar.

Battleship radars, or radars used operationally afloat. Also the way the technology was integrated into the operational systems afloat. There just was not comparability there
 
This could have been intresting had it not gone off at a tangent. The subject (Hood v Scharnhorst) drifted very heavily into the realms of the theoretical surrounding the battle of the North Cape, allied and axis radar, battle tactics (dont forget Bey had orders, if you suspect heavy units, withdraw...nobody mentioned that). Fellow members getting short fuzed with each other...why not fight a duel, 15 inch guns at 20,000 yards ( I refuse to go metric). Anyone served on a ship in arctic seas in a december storm. I have and even modern circuitry has been known to be put out of action. Everyone seems to assume the sets were all top line. Given 1943 technology it wouldn't surprise me if some of them were at least playing up. Scharnhorst was trapped and sunk by a superior force..end of story. So gentlemen let us calm down and resume our deliberations........Hood v Scharnhorst lets say in 1940, to the death......who wins.

:twisted::snipersmile:
 
Last edited:
Hello Herr…
Quote:" the theoretical surrounding the battle of the North Cape, allied and axis radar, battle tactics (dont forget Bey had orders, if you suspect heavy units, withdraw...nobody mentioned that)…"

The orders should not have had any effect on cruisers vs Scharnhorst actions, because there was no heavy unit present. Did the Germans really thing that Norfolk's 8in splashes were 14 or 15in, or were they convenient excuse to abort mission which was clearly running into trouble? It is entirely possible that Germans made genuine error even if 14 or 15in shells were clearly very much heavier than 8in but still...

IMHO North Cape, actions against Renown and Glorious and against Bismarck show how it worked in real for Scharnhorst and for Hood. Pure speculation based on paper figures isn't IMHO very rewarding. IMHO Hood was an old-fashioned design to which I don't have much interest, so I didn't check the safety zones, but IMHO in good weather Scharnhorst had edge, on stormy weather Hood, but the one who began first hitting hard probably would win. Reasons to my opinion: Scharnhorst shooting was excellent against Glorious (in good weather) but against Renown not good, IIRC it was Gneisenau which got the hit on Renown's hull and the hit on Renown's mast. Also in stormy weather Scharnhorsts suffered bad gunnery problems, during engagement Renown fired 230 15in shells, Gneisenau 54 and Scharnhorst 182 11in shells, so in bad weather 11in high rate of fire was negated by unreliability in stormy sea. Also the action showed than unexpected may happen as shown by the effect of a 4.5in hit on Gneisenau's A turret, it made a contribution to breaking down of the turret, even if theoretically a hit of so light shell should not have any effect on the working of so well armoured turret.

Hood's shooting in Bismarck action was poor but even one hit from 15in could have disastrous effect on Scharnhorst, even if that wasn't probable, see the effects of the DoY's first hit on Scharnhorst, which knocked out the A turret on one hand, on the other hand see how much pounding was needed to sink or even to neutralize it.

Rawalpindi action was a short range work.

Juha
 
Last edited:
I also dont see why we have to restrict the debate to hood vs scharnhorst in 1940. The thread topic is Hood vs Scharnhorst ....period. Hood was scheduled for a major overhaul later in 1941, so any engagement later than May 1941 we have to consider the possible electronics fit after that early war period

For the record, incidentally I have been in the Antarctic waters, firstly aboard the a training ship, and two years later on the Antarctic re-supply ship, the Nella Dan, travelling almost all the way to the ice shelf. I agree that the weather in those latitudes can be attrociaous and very scary, and i agree that it could be hard on electronic systems, but for the record on both trips we never suffered even a single serious failure in our electronics systems. The Training ship was fitted with radars directly descended from the radars we are discussing, and if anything I would consider them less fragile and delicate to the later transistorised systems on the supply ship.....

If you restrict the engagement times to before 1941, I would think the advantage lies with the Scharnhorst...she had superior radar at that point, better optics, and a better trained crew. But where I disagree with our friend is his hard assertion that German radar technolgy afloat remained technically superior throughout all or most of the war. It did not, as even German sources acknowledge
 
some 41 salvos producing hit(s) out of some 55.

Juha

Juha, is that accurate? 41 hits from a 15" tube is a brutal pounding. Do you have any source data on it?

Not doubting you, just wanted to know the details. The Kirishima was shot full of holes by the Washington and she took something like 20 hits (orginally stated as 9 but upped to 20 in view of more recent info that has come to light).

41 hits (at least, not counting double hits in the salvos) is a lot of holes.
 
Hello Timshatz
it always good to be sceptical and ask sources. Now I have made a typo and remembered wrongly. The source is Garzke's and Dulin's Battleships. Axis and neutral Battleships in WWII. DoY fired 52 salvos of which 31 straddled and it got at least 13 hits. And the main armament of DoY was 10 14in guns.

Juha

ADDITION: In their Battleships. Allied Battleships in WWII Garzke and Dulin give the number of hits as "at least ten"
 
Last edited:
The fundamental myth for me is that german radars were comparable to allied radars.

As much as it annoys certain posters with a long history of trashing German equipment and trumpet the superiority of the British stuff at every opporunity, without any decent ground for it if I might add. You are utterly incapable of presenting an objective view on these matters.

As far as the German sets go, they were indeed comperable. It doesn't matter if it upsets you, or if you wish for something else. It also doesn't merit a lengthy discussion to compare data which shows that the capabilities of the sets in practical use was identical. To give an example, if one radar sets would have a range accuracy of 200 meter, and the other having a range accuracy of 50 m it might be a meaningful difference; but if one has an accuracy of 50m and the other and accuracy of 30, wherease the dispersion of the guns themselves is as much as 100 meter, the relative small difference in the accuracy of the fire control data becomes meaningless. I think this is well illustrated by Gliders example of the HMS Tiger gunnery results - I am sure the modern radar sets and FC systems provided far more accurate solutions, and regardless, the firing accuracy was not much better, if better at all, than that of World War II warships; while the radar was better, the inherent inaccuracy of guns themselves at such range presented the same limiting factor again.

Its better and more accurate to say that early in and before the war they had considerable technical lead in fire control radars, the Seetakt series being specifically developed for such work, and having a magnitude better range and bearing accuracy. The early war British sets were not particularly good in comparison, hence why they needed to be replaced by newer sets which actually worked they should have in the first place.

The German sets were already capable of providing more accurate firing solution than the dispersion of the guns themselves. Even their early war sets were comparable in that regard to the latest Allied sets.

Later in the war the Allied sets improved, although using a different approach. The common logical flaw you show is that you assume that German sets didn't improve at all in the meantime. This is false, of course - but the German improvements revolved around refining the existing set, and using much higher transmitting powers. For example Scharnhorst's sets as of late 1943 were operating with 100 kW instead of the original 7 kW of the earliest Seetakts before the war. Naturally the greater power yielded higher range, but there were minor improvements to bearing accuracy as well; in the latter there was little room for improvements, the Seetakt was very good in this regard from the start.

Its easy to look up to specs from reliable sources, ie. Norman Friedman and others. As far as your comments about the passive sets such as Naxos being incapable of detecting 3cm waves, this is wrong, too, apart from that it was also proven that the DoY did not have 3cm sets present at all. As far as Naxos goes, there were about a dozen subtypes of it, some of which were capable detecting the 3cm waves as well. Obviously your reliance on a short wiki article did you disservice in that regard, but in any case, IMHO it is also very doubtful that there would be any meaningful technical difficulty in building a receiver device that could detect radio waves of a given wavelenght. Obviously the Germans did not have a need for such a passive device until the British did not start fielding one that could be detected... :lol:

Just because there is a different opinion in the room does not make that person, or their opinion your mortal enemy.

Why are you getting so angry over all of this?

It seems to me that you should be asking this question from yourself... you should realize that it is your aggressive and arrogant style yields such responses.
 
Battleship radars, or radars used operationally afloat. Also the way the technology was integrated into the operational systems afloat. There just was not comparability there

I dont know of Würzburg set theoretically compatible or not, but in practice was present on the Tirpitz (or was it Prinz Eugen?) 8) as an air search radar, possibly as a AAA FC radar well (for which purpose it was used in ground installations in the first place).

PS. As a matter of fact the land based Freya radar sets were also based on the naval Seetakt AFAIK.
 
Not in every case do i think German equipment is inferior. In this thread I have stated my opinion that in 1940-41 the Scharnhorst would have held the advantage in terms of its radar, crew training and optics. It was an exceptionally well protected ship, and fast.

The issue that upsets you is that I dont accept that German shipborne radars were not the equal of Allied radars in the latter paret of the war. Thats my opinion, and its shared by a lot of others, including eminent German writers.

Instead of losing your temper, how about you produce some evidence to support your position. Given that this is meant to be a general discussion, why not post some general texts that support the notion that german naval radars were the equal or superior of allied radars in the late war period
 
Last edited:

Users who are viewing this thread

Back