Tante
I dont dispute that Britain and France were exhausted, but they were not starving, they had largely defeated the blockade affecting them (the U-Boats). Germany on the other hand had not overcome their blockade.
Germany, unlike Britain was not very reliant on oversea import. France was not, too, but much of France was occupied or devastated during war. German internal supply problem was rooted in men and animal taken from farm. They, however, secured vast area of Soviet-Russia by 1918.. a very different situation than say 1917. And Germany was not starving during war - this came after war, as result of post-war Allied blockade.
As to Britain and France being on their knees, just like Germany, they sure had a funny way of showing that. Having defeated Ludendorfs final throw of the dice, with Germany unable to feed even their frontline armies, the allies were already busily destroying the German frontline defences on the western front, before the arrival of large numbers of Americans. Those American formations that were in the line were poorly trained and not in a position to immediately undertake heavy operations. They were mostly farmed out and given "instruction" on techniques learned so far. By wars end they were attacking independantly, and were going to tip the balance.
It is simple fact of history that Allied attacks did not achieve much - they pushed back German to their starting lines of their offensive. Just like German offensive earlier secured as much territory.
Study maps of conflict. Highly recommend for you. Western frontline was on the Belgium-France border.
I would like source "Germany unable to feed even their frontline armies". Very interest claim. Needs of army, food delivered. Information like that to make it look like more history, than funny thing.
Had the war progressed into 1919, the british were going to employ massed tanks on a sustained scale, properly organized (for 1918 ) and provided with better maintenance support. Cambrai had faltered because of a lack of manpower (occuring just after the Somme) and because of a massive breakdown rate. The Germans had no real answer to the American build up, the allied technology based counteroffensive. Black week saw the near total collapse of the german armies in the west, so i dont know where you get this notion that Germany was not defeated....rings very like the myths and lies that sprang up just after the war....."we wewrent defeated, we were just betrayed". No you were not betrayed, your armies were in defeat, and that was achieved by the allies, not by some mythical 5th column.
So, why did not they? Why did not just break the German line, instead of push back a couple of ten kilometer. Why still on Belgian border after four years? "Pipe dream", simple... could, would - It was a long way to Berlin. Everybody knew. The French were spent, morally. French soldier would die for France, but not in attack in no sense - French army rebelled in 1916, and refused to attack. They would defend, but not attack. But, you are right, if complete victory would prevent World War II happen. If, no else reason, because it would take the 1950s to actually reach Berlin at pace like real achieved 1918.. consider how difficult it was to cross even a few miles, I can make imagination if they could ever cross river like Rheine. A very difficult task, even 1945.
As for Russia causing the war, or france not sitting on their ass, Austria determined that it wanted to wage a war of agression against Serbia, rejected the accession by Serbia to all but one Austrian of the demands deliberately misled the French and the Russian delegations. Serbia was a Russian ally, so any move against Serbia is goiing to attract a russian resposne. Same for france.
Austria determined it would not smile and standby to Russian paid Serb terrorists assassinating members of it royal family (who, btw, was very pro-slavic within empire, against austro-hungarian dualism). The reason was he become target was he was in way of panslavic movement - all slavs are brothers, Russia being bigger brother who protect little ones, and just stay for a while when doing so..
Austria situation with Serbia was analoge to British involvement in war against Afganistan. You damn Austria for making steps against state for doing what now call terrorist harboring but do the same thing now with much less involvement and no ultimatum.
Serbia had option to choose to cooperate and stop anti-Austrian movements. Read Austrian ultimatum.
You have not. All it asked to stop anti-Austrian nationalistic propaganda, stop terrorist organisation, and let Austrian judical authority present during trials of culprits of terrorists. There was no territory claim. There was no disarm your army request or such. Serbia refused, because Russia backed her. Both Serbia, and Russia know it means war with Austria, and if Russia enters, Germany will enter too. They choose the second scenario. I find it hard to blame, for Germans, not waiting stupidly until Tsarist army to mobilise, then French army to mobilise, and attack them. Instead, hit them first. Proper strategy, when you are big country surrounded by many smaller enemy who gang up on you, or are about to. Defeat them one by one. There is no law anywhere when you are about to be attacked, you have to sit down, with naive smile on your face.
There was way to avoid war, and this means, accept Austrian ulitmatum, which would not hurt Serbian soverignity too much (compare: US and UK lead coalition recently attacked and overrun Afganistan and Iraq for
suspect of harboring terrorists), and Russia stop mobilisation of her army. They were told in clear term by Kaiser Wilhelm this will lead war if not stop.
If blame needs placed, it is at the doorstep of Tsar Nikolas II who wanted to solve internal political problems with glorious war. Such is the way of all dictators since long time.
I dont deny the French were dirty about the Franco Prussian war, bu they were closely allied to Russia, and Britain had given a long standing gurantee to Belgium since Napoleon. All these were known facts, yet Germany nevertheless chose to attack anyway. Tell me again Russia and france were responsible for the war. Who invaded who???????? What you are saying is, "why didnt the allies sit back and just let the central powers have their way with serbia?". Sorry, it doesnt work that way with allies working as allies.
Yes, Germany was ally of Austria. Russia was mobilising against Austria. Basic - you damn German and Austrian for not being stupid letting them fire first shot. In no law one who is about to be attacked has to wait until attack actually commences, he can defend himself against agressor - in this case this was Russia.
And all this doesnt get around the fact that Germany andf Austria, allies of their own, fired the first shots, caused everyone to react by their reckless acts, and comitted overtly agressive acts like invading Belgium....which make them guilty of initiating a war of aggression. Paint your story any way you want, you cannot erase that fact, and thats what should damn both Austria and Germany to the scrap heap of history in my opinion.
And who buys England entered war
because of Belgium? England entered war because it suited her, because she feared her colonies, which she overrun with military force just like any other invader before - Swiss, German, Russian, French, you name it.
I read World War I newspapers. Actually, I must say, they present more respecting view of war than your the old war propaganda you repeat. They have respect of enemy. They do not blend facts, or place blame. "Scrap heap of history" - this is where opinion like this belongs. You may like to place blame, but it is without facts, it is without moral highground. I suggest you study to work of Professor Blackadder!
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uk37TD_08eA
It is aimed to place blame, not to understand events that lead to World War I. Great power of WW1 stood on a gunpowder magazine. And this magazine was largely built by the French. Russia was just careless kid who went to play with matches in it.
As to how I would break up Germany, the model for that exists in the post wwii occupation of the country. instead of occupying just parts, the allies should have occupied the whole country, dissolved whatever pissant government was in place maintained military administration until the country was rebuilt, the general staff dissolved, and the scourge of German militarism excorcised. It was possible 25 years later, after unconditional surrender was achieved, why not in 1918.
Because, in 1918, not like in 1945, there were an intact and effective German army, on foreign soil. With many million men, who had strong opinion of this suggestion.
Pipe dream of humiliating enemy - just that. Needs more to realize... realization which was, after four years of war, impossible for the entent. Even more "hawk" Enente leaders realized that, so such is the terms of WW1 peace treaty.
Turkey was far less state in power, but were far more successfull by simple hinting of resistance. By 1918 central power undoubtedly lost war, but were long way from unconditional surrender, or occupation.