Aircraft Facing Themselves (and Their Relatives)

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Airborne2001

Airman
21
27
Jun 17, 2024
(I take no credit for any images in this post.)

One thing I've been curious about lately is if aircraft during (and around) WWII ever faced themselves (or their relatives) in combat. This interest started from the P-36 Wikipedia page, where there is the following quote:
"The P-36 was also used by Vichy French air forces in several minor conflicts; in one of these, the Franco-Thai War of 1940–41, P-36s were used by both sides."

I don't know if it ever "fought itself". If it did, Thailand may have been at a loss though since they were using the simplified Hawk 75N against the better "A-series" exports:
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I do wonder about other conflicts as well. For example, Finland and the USSR both used licensed Hurricanes:
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Japan captured and used several P-40s in Burma, and we know that the P-40 was used by the allies in East and South-East Asia until the end of the war:
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While not in WWII, there were several other instances going into the Cold War of the same WWII-era aircraft being used on opposing sides:
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Regarding relatives, I am mainly referring to the P-36 and P-40 being used in combat against each other (though I am not discounting the possibility of the Ki-43 and the Ki-84 meeting over China after WWII). They may have briefly been able to meet in combat during Operation Torch. I'm not sure if they met over Syria and Lebanon. One place that I am sure they may have fought each other in was around Finland:
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Does anyone have any records of the same aircraft (or their relatives) fighting each other in WWII (or in other conflicts)? I'm interested to see how different nations may have used different tactics for the same aircraft, and how those could mesh in combat. Of course in the relatives case we know that one side would have an advantage with a stronger aircraft. For the same aircraft, I know for sure that it would be confusing, especially since Japan struggle to use the P-40 solely because of how much the Japanese military was used to fighting against P-40s. I think it's likely that some aircraft may have faced themselves, especially because there are other "outside of WWII" cases like the Spanish Civil War and even the Russian Revolution, though only one of those featured aircraft that would be used in WWII.
 
There's several instances of Bf-109s against other Bf-109s, I would think.
Luftwaffe 109s against early model Bf-109s sold to Yugoslavia,
The Swiss had Bf-109s also, and defended against overflights of their territory, maybe some encounters there.

Then Finland in late WW2 when they signed a treaty with the USSR and had to get the Germans out of Lapland.
Germany supplied Finland with late model 109's so there could have been some interesting encounters there.
 
There's several instances of Bf-109s against other Bf-109s, I would think.
Luftwaffe 109s against early model Bf-109s sold to Yugoslavia,
The Swiss had Bf-109s also, and defended against overflights of their territory, maybe some encounters there.

Then Finland in late WW2 when they signed a treaty with the USSR and had to get the Germans out of Lapland.
Germany supplied Finland with late model 109's so there could have been some interesting encounters there.
I believe that Luftwaffe Me-109's faced off against Yugoslav Me-109's when Germany invaded the Balkans.
I can't believe I didn't even think of Yugoslav Bf-109s vs German ones! Yeah that does seem like a possibility. I can also see Lapland fights between Bf-109s happening. Swiss ones would be interesting as well. Did Switzerland get interned P-51s operational again in time for some P-51 vs P-51 encounters?
 
I've been thinking for a bit, and in addition to what was mentioned I thought of another scenario. Does anyone know if any Italian aircraft faces themselves during the Italian Campaign? The Macchi C.205 Veltro was used by both sides:
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I don't think the French Hawks ever met Thai Hawks as the Armee de L'air kept all of its Hawks in France knowing they'd be needed against the Germans IIRC. When France fell, most, if not all the Hawk squadrons fled to North Africa.
I could be wrong though.
Other than that like others have stated German Bf109's faced off against Yugoslav Bf109's. Again IIRC, the Yugoslav Bf109's were at a disadvantage because they were armed only with rifle caliber machine guns. But I don't know off the top of my head which mark of 109 the Luftwaffe was using.
 
Far as I know, the Italian Co- belligerent air force doesn't the rest of the war battling against partisans in the southern half of Italy.
The Royal Italian Airforce (ACI) was deployed to the Balkans intentionally, so they would not have to fight fellow countrymen.

The Regia Aeronautica (ANR) was active with Luftwaffe elements in Northern Italy fighting the Allies.
 
The ANR never battled the ACI.
Far as I know, the Italian Co- belligerent air force doesn't the rest of the war battling against partisans in the southern half of Italy.
The Royal Italian Airforce (ACI) was deployed to the Balkans intentionally, so they would not have to fight fellow countrymen.

The Regia Aeronautica (ANR) was active with Luftwaffe elements in Northern Italy fighting the Allies.
Ah okay. So that gets rid of that option then.
 
The Royal Italian Airforce (ACI) was deployed to the Balkans intentionally, so they would not have to fight fellow countrymen.

The Regia Aeronautica (ANR) was active with Luftwaffe elements in Northern Italy fighting the Allies.

What'd the ACI do in the Balkans exactly? Any aces?Websites? Books?
 
I don't think the French Hawks ever met Thai Hawks as the Armee de L'air kept all of its Hawks in France knowing they'd be needed against the Germans IIRC. When France fell, most, if not all the Hawk squadrons fled to North Africa.
I could be wrong though.
Other than that like others have stated German Bf109's faced off against Yugoslav Bf109's. Again IIRC, the Yugoslav Bf109's were at a disadvantage because they were armed only with rifle caliber machine guns. But I don't know off the top of my head which mark of 109 the Luftwaffe was using.
As long as fighters were concerned, there were exactly 17 MS 406 in French Indochina. They were originally ordered by China and were urgently diverted to form two weak escadrilles II/595 and II/596. And furthermore, they were devoid of the 20 mm cannon. Two were lost on the ground with a Farman 221 during the French - Thaï war. At the end of the conflict, due to maintenance shortage only 50 % of these planes were operational.
On january 1941, it had been envisionned to send 23 Hawk 75 and 44 Curtiss SBC 4 from Martinique to Indochina, and the British and US authorities agreed. But the German Armistice commission opposed to it and they were left to rot at La Martinique.
 
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