Ad: This forum contains affiliate links to products on Amazon and eBay. More information in Terms and rules
so so, first used in Fall of 43 on Zerstörers though they were permitted in July of 1943 on twin engines they did not fly ops with these......yet. twin mountings under each wing even experimentation with singles and even under the belly. if anything they may have disrupted US bomber boxes but that was the point anyway so they could get in with 2cm and 3cm cannons.
The Brits were heavily engaged long before the US in ETO, the Brits had sortie and throw weght advantage through 1944, the RAF in 1944 and 1945 were more vulnerable to GAF in 1944 and 1945 because they had no effective way to efficiently escort BC whereas the 8th broke the code for their own ops with long range escort - in daylight- to provide cover (more or less) for large blocks of tight formations.
The GAF had to mass to attack effectively against 8th AF FC/BC, versus one on one at night. Both Brit BC and 8th AF BC crews had the balls of an elephant but it was 8th FC that saved the most lives over Germany.
Contribution on Mr. Hagenah.
I know this gentleman personally, because he once upon a time was one of my superiors at the ACC (Area Control Centre) at Frankfurt/Main. After the war he joined the new established ATC unit (BFS) at Rhein-Main Airport first as a controller and later as team supervisor. He retired about 1972, according to the law of the Bundesanstalt fuer Flugsicherung (BFS), which allowed controllers to retire with the age of 53.
I first met him in 1960, when I was transferred from Hamburg Tower to Frankfurt ACC.
Then, in 1970, I became a direct neighbor to him in the northern part of Frankfurt, where he still lives, however a sick man.
He is married and has, as far as I know, a son.