To expand on what is said in the post above.
Centrifugal superchargers are commonly referred to as turbochargers. Turbochargers are spun by spent exhaust gases.
Turbocharger ('turbo' as the shorthand) consists from turbine (that is indeed spun by the exhaust gasses) and compressor (predominantly of the centrifugal type), with a shaft connecting the two.
The vast majority of the superchargers on the ww2 was gear-driven (ie. by the engine itself), not turbine driven. Includes the RR, Bristol, DB and Jumo engines, V-1710, R-1820, R-2800, Sakae, Homare, AM-38 - you name it. When people were adding the turbochargers to the existing engines, the gear-driven superchargers were still retained; both S/Cs working in series. That meant that such engines have had two stages of supercharging - 1st stage now being the turbocharger, second stage being the gear-driven S/C. Most notable installations being the American ones - includes but not limited to P-38, P-47, B-17, B-24.
Engines with 2 stages of supercharing were excellent at very high altitudes, talk above 20000 ft. let alone above 25000 ft.
There was a way to have 2 stages of supercharging with both stages being gear-driven. RR system used common shaft for both stages (on Merlin 60, 70, 80, 100 and 130 series, as well as on Packard Merlin V-1650-3, -7, -9 etc; also on the Griffon 65 and similar), Allison used the additional variable-speed drive for the auxiliary stage. P&W used clutch to engage the aux stage on their 2-stage engines. Benefit vs. the turboed engines was that installation was more compact, shortcoming was that the turboed versions of the same engine were sometimes better at the very high altitudes.
Nomenclature back in 1930s and 40s was not set in stone, the turbo being often called 'supercharger', while the engine-driven S/C was often called 'blower'. This is before we discuss the nomenclature of the countries not using English language.
In the 1980s-2000s, the gear-driven S/C was used on the VW Golf 60 and Corrado 60, on Polo 40, on Mercedes 200 Kompressor, on Jaguar XKR - just to name a few. Engines that employ only the turbo and no gear-driven S/C are far more common, especially the so-called 'turbo diesels' in Europe, as well as on many gas-fueled Japanese cars, plus on the European ones.
(American cars are not my cup of tea, sorry)
Some high-end car engines use (used) the 2-stage system (turbo feeding the gear-driven S/C).
Roots type superchargers are usually driven on aircraft engines with a gearbox turned by the crankshaft.
Roots-type S/Cs were not installed on service-worthy aero engines, at least not in the 1930s-40s.
A turboprop usually refers to a turbine engine that drives a propeller through some type of a reduction system.
Very true.