re Russia buying ammunition from North Korea
It is kind of interesting how the interplay of the sanctions against Russia and North Korea are working out.
In 2015 Russia and NK agreed to use the ruble for all of trade cash payments with each other.
Sanctions imposed in 2017 (universally approved by the UN security council which includes Russia) allow no more than 500,000 barrels or refined oil products/year to be exported to NK. This amounts to the equivalent of about 1 USgal/person in NK. Russia has been providing an additional ~25% over the sanctions through grey market trade. Indigenous oil refining production amounts to less than .1 USgal/person.
The sanctions against Russia regarding trade have grossly reduced the RF exports of oil, thus reducing their ability to purchase goods from other countries.
The recent inflation of the ruble in Russia and devaluation of the ruble worldwide has significantly reduced the amount of goods a ruble can buy, including between Russia and NK.
NK has just recently reached the point where they are unable to pay for the additional oil they have been receiving from Russia through the grey market.
Russia is hurting for lack of ability to purchase goods.
Hence, Russia has effectively agreed to supply oil for free to NK and accept military munitions in trade.
NK now has nuclear weapons, and no longer feels as much need for massive stockpiles of ammunition to prevent invasion. So NK has agreed to draw down their conventional ammunition stocks.
Russia had recently announced that there would be 100,000 NK personnel coming to Ukraine to help rebuild the damage done in the eastern separatist regions.
Because of the devaluation of the ruble, Russia is unable to offer the desired NK personnel a living/worthwhile wage via payment in rubles.
The average NK person has no use for oil, and is apparently unwilling to work for something that they cannot use. (The military uses ~1/2 of all oil products that NK imports, industry accounts for the vast majority of the rest.)
The NK government is therefore having serious problems recruiting personnel to send to Ukraine.
In some ways, this is almost like a tragi-comedy farce movie.