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1939 Wehrmacht officers insignia card

The airgraph was invented in the 1930s by the Eastman Kodak Company in conjunction with Imperial Airways (now British Airways) and Pan-American Airways as a means of reducing the weight and bulk of mail carried by air. The airgraph forms, upon which the letter was written, were photographed and then sent as negatives on rolls of microfilm. A General Post Office (GPO) poster of the time claimed that 1,600 letters on film weighed just 5oz, while 1,600 ordinary letters weighed 50 lbs. At their destination, the negatives were printed on photographic paper and delivered as airgraph letters through the normal Royal Engineers (Postal Section) - also known as the Army Postal Services (APS) - systems.

In 1940, the British Minister of Transport, Lieutenant Colonel John Moore-Brabazon, 1st Baron Brabazon of Tara, put forward the idea that airgraphs be used to reduce both the bulk and weight of mail travelling between the Middle East Force (MEF) and the UK. The matter was referred to the APS and the GPO, who jointly investigated the possibility of using airgraphs. This eventually led to a service being instituted between England and Egypt in 1941 when 70,000 airgraphs were sent in the first batch and took three weeks to reach their destination.

Kodak had offices in Cairo that were capable of processing airgraph negatives, but it was not until the appropriate equipment arrived from America to their Cairo office that the APS was able to provide a return service to the UK.

In the theatres of war, the whole airgraph operation was coordinated by the APS. Completed airgraph forms were collected by the A/FPOs and forwarded to the Kodak processing plants, which were co-located with the Base APOs.

The use of the airgraph was not rationed and its postage was also set at three pence (3d). Although the airgraph proved to be immediately popular, its use was limited because of its size (approx; 11cm x 13cm; 4" x 5") and lack of privacy, so when sufficient aircraft capacity became available, its use declined in favour of the air letter.

The airgraph service was later extended to: Canada (1941), East Africa (1941), Burma (1942), India (1942), South Africa (1942), Australia (1943), New Zealand (1943), Ceylon (1944), and Italy (1944). V-mail - Wikipedia'

Kodak was very innovative. Too bad they walked away from the digital camera which their guys developed.

As a Kodak employee, we were subjected to general training films. One of these told of companies not visualizing the changing times, and making adjustments, to stay in business. The example was how the rising cost of whale oil for lamps caused the rise of petroleum (kerosene) for lighting lamps. Whaling went belly up, so to speak, and the petroleum industry began. The lesson was, had the whale oil industry invested in petroleum, they may have survived the change of fuels. Kodak ignored the consumer change to digital instant pictures in order to keep the company's massive investment in film manufacturing, processing and printing. Remember, the Wright Brothers were told the airplane would never amount to anything.

T-34 Panzer Beute captured Balkenkreuz

Tirpitz

Farbdia Luftaufnahme Charkow Ukraine

München Oberwiesenfeld, Feldpost 1942

Panzerhaubitze Hummel Nashorn Elefant

T-37A tank

U-Boat Monthly Report - Jan 1943

THE EXPENDABLE RADIO SONO-BUOY

An underwater ear would be valuable in many ways to an airborne anti-submarine operator. It is one of the major handicaps of aircraft on anti-submarine missions to be almost wholly insulated from their quarry by a few feet of water. Direct listening to underwater noises is impossible, and devices dangled from an airplane into the water are impractical. A third obvious method is to use a radio transmitting set to broadcast to the aircraft from an underwater microphone. Such a device has been developed to the point of extensive service testing. A glance at the tactical uses and limiting conditions will show the obstacles that have to be overcome. First, the overside gear must be small, easily stowed, quickly launched, and light in weight. Secondly, it must be rugged, able to stand the shock of



impact with the sea, and waterproof. Third, it must be acoustically sensitive and must transmit accurately over a wide frequency range to allow various underwater noises to be heard and identified. Finally, it must be expendable. The solution to these problems is the expendable radio son -buoy; a frequency-modulated transmitter, battery powered, with a service life of four hours. Its overall length is some forty-six inches, including attached parachute, and its diameter is four and one half inches. It is provided with a collapsible antenna and an underwater hydrophone with twenty feet of supporting cable. The total weight -- buoy, parachute, trans-mitter, hydrophone, batteries, etc., -- is fifteen pounds. Broadcast signals are received in the plane through a special FM receiver, provided with six frequency channels.Tactically,. the buoy is used either as a stethoscope or as a pointer. As a stethocope, it can be used to decide whether an MAD contact is a wreck or a submarine, whether a bombed submarine is running away or standing by, and, finally, it can be used at the scene of a disappearing ASV contact to determine the nature of the target. As a pointer,it is used to narrow the search area for a lost MIAD contact, or what amounts to the same thing, to convert a disappearing ASV contact into a live MAD contact. Several buoys aredropped and search carried out in the vicinity of the buoy registering the most pro-nounced U-boat noise.A fair amount of training is required to create a skilled operator. Underwater noises are complex and confusing, but to a trained listener yield a good deal of information. With increasing information on sounds made by enemy submarines, operators should be able to determine the approximate distance of the U-boat from the buoy and get a goodidea of the speed it is making.

Early VW emblem Volkswagen Typ 82

1. Foto Soldat VW Kübelwagen Erprobung Kübel Schwimmwagen Sd.Kfz. Kennung A18 | eBay
2. Foto Soldat VW Kübelwagen Erprobung Kübel Schwimmwagen Sd.Kfz. Kennung A1 | eBay

Yep .. the logo was used from 1937 to 1939 ...


the source: Volkswagen Logo Meaning and History [Volkswagen symbol]

LKW Truck DAK Libya

2 cm Flak 38 auf Panzer I Ausführung A, Flakpanzer 1