2. Panzer Division
The division was depleted after prolonged fighting on the eastern front and during the winter 1944 it was transferred to France for refitting. Since it had arrived in France early in 1944, the division was at full strength in most respects. It had also had time to train its replacements. Already on 1 April, the division was 573 men above authorized strength.
The panzer regiment was strong. It had 94 operational Panzer IV in the II. Abteilung, plus 2 in workshops on 31 May. The I. Abteilung reported 73 Panthers operational and 6 in workshops on 5 June. Most likely the division recieved no tank replacements during the fighting in Normandy.
Casualties during June amounted to 275 killed in action, 1 021 wounded and 95 missing. On 1 July the division had 85 Panzer IV operational and 11 in workshops requiring short term repairs, while the number of operational Panthers was 21. Another 29 Panthers were in short term repair, while 9 were in long term repair. Twenty had been lost during June. During June, the Panther battalion was credited with the destruction of 89 enemy tanks and 19 AT guns.
21. Panzer Division
Of the German panzer divisions that participated in the Normandy campaign this was probably the most unique. It had no Panther battalion like the other panzer divisions (except 10. SS-Pz.Div.). On the other hand it had both an assault gun battalion and an anti tank battalion with towed 8,8 cm AT guns (such were not found in the other panzer divisions). Each of its infantry regiments had one SPW battalion which was rather unusual. Another unusual feature was that it had two, rather than one, of its companies in the engineer battalion equipped with SPW. Finally it had many modified captured vehicles included in its organization.
Altogether this meant that the division had 98 Pz IV lg and six obsolete Pz IV kz. However, on 24 May another fourteen Pz IV lg were sent to the division. Possibly they had not arrived by 1 June, since deliveries before 24 May comprised 98 vehicles. The division also received tanks during the battle in Normandy. On 8 July seventeen Pz IV were sent and three weeks later three Pz IV (Bef.Wg.) were also sent. Finally on 10 August another ten Pz IV were dispatched to 21. Pz.Div. It is highly doubtful that the last ten arrived in time to take part in the battle.
From 6 June to 11 July the division lost 3 411 men, and during the entire month of July it lost 229 killed in action, 601 wounded and 1 019 missing. These losses were however covered by the arrival of 2 399 replacements and 26 convalescents that returned. This meant that the division had suffered 4 703 casualties 1 June &endash; 31 July and received 2 479 men to cover losses. Some of the replacements received were probably infantry from the 16. LW. Feld.Div.
116. Panzer Division
The 116. Pz.Div. was formed by merging the remnants of 16. Pz.Gren.Div., a unit worn after battles on th eastern front, with the 179. Res.Pz.Div.1 The 16. Pz.Gren.Div. did not arrive in France until April 1944. This made it impossible to create a new fully battle worthy division before the allies landed.
Including four Panthers sent to I./Pz.Rgt. 24 in January, two Panthers (Bef.Wg.) with the 16. Pz.Rgt.6 and the 70 sent at the beginning of June the division had 76 Panthers available when it departed for Normandy. It seems that the division had 86 Panzer IV. No further tanks were sent to the division during the summer 1944. The Pz.Jäg.Abt. 228 received 21 JagdPz IV in July9, bringing it to its authorized strength.
The division also had a few extra armoured vehicles. According to a report dated 8 June 1944 it had three Pz.Kpf.Wg. IV kz., seven Pz.Kpf.Wg. III lg., three Pz.Kpf.Wg. III kz., six StuG III lg. and six 7,5 cm Pak (Sf).10 These vehicles were not included in the authorized organization for the division, and it was planned that some of them would be handed away.
The division received 665 men as replacements during August. Also it received 127 men on 6 September and another 442 six days later. According to a report dated 23 September the division suffered 5 186 casualties from the allied invasion until 13 September.
Panzer-Lehr Division
When this division arrived in Normandy, it was probably better equipped than any other German division during the war.
It was formed from various training units and was considered to be among the best divisions in the German army. Its equipment most likely surpassed any German division during the war. On 1 June it had, including the attached 316. Pz.Kp. (Fkl), 99 Panzer IV, 89 Panther, 31 JagdPz IV, 10 StuG III, 8 Tiger (five of them were Tiger II). This gave a total of 237 tanks and assault guns. The division was remarkable in other aspects too. It had all its four panzer grenadier battalions carried by armoured half tracks. Also the engineer battalion was fully equipped with armoured half tracks. Altogether the division possessed 658 operational SPW and 35 in short term repair.
Each panzer grenadier battalion had 108 machine guns, six 8 cm mortars and 39 Panzerschreck, nine 3,7 cm guns on halftracks and eight 7,5 cm infantry guns on half tracks.
The artillery regiment had one battalion with twelve 10,5 cm howitzers and one battalion with 15,2 cm howitzers. The I. Abteilung was in Germany equipping with Wespe and Hummel. Fuel shortages hampered it on the march to Normandy and by 20 June it had reached Vire. It was renamed to be the II. Abteilung, while the previous II. Abteilung became the I.
Usually the Flak battalion of a Panzer division was authorized eight or twelve 8,8 cm Flak guns, but Pz.Lehr had eighteen.
The division had a manpower strength of 14 699 on 1 June 1944.
The Pz.Lehr division continued fighting British forces until relieved by the 276. Inf.Div. This was accomplished gradually between 26 June and 5 July. June had been a month of intensive fighting for the Pz.Lehr divisions. Casualties during June amounted to 490 killed in action, 1 809 wounded and 673 missing. Equipment losses included the following vehicles1:
24 Pz.Kpf.Wg. IV
82 SPW
23 Panther
76 motorcycles
1 JagdPz IV
57 Cars
2 StuG III
151 Trucks
1 s.IG. (SF)
10 towing vehicles
1 FlakPz 38 (t)
1. SS-Panzer Division "Leibstandarte"
The Leibstandarte had been fighting on the Eastern Front since the autumn 1943 and was badly worn when in April 1944 it was transferred to Belgium to rest and refit. It was far from combat ready at the beginning of June. Even though it had a strength of 19 618 on 1 June, many of the men were recently arrived recruits which had to be trained. On 15 May it had reported a shortage of 4 143 men. Also on 1 June 1 081 NCO:s and men, mainly drivers and technicians, were in Germany for training.
Another problem was the lack of motor transport. The division was authorized 3 887 trucks of all types, but had only 1 070 in running order and 621 in workshops. Also, it had no armoured half tracks operational.
Due to these defects the division was not ready for combat when the allies landed. It also had to await further deliveries of tanks. On 1 June it had 42 Panzer IV, 38 Panther and 44 StuG III operational. Eight Panzer IV and one StuG were in workshops. Further deliveries occurred during June.
The Leibstandarte was in reserve south of Caen when the British Goodwood operation was launched 18 July. Losses suffered until 18 July (inclusive) amounted to 1 441 officers and men.
12. SS-Panzer Division "Hitlerjugend"
At first glance, the division might have appeared to be a very strong formation on 1 June 1944. Nominally it had a strength of 20 540 men, a number that surpassed most divisions on either side of the Channel.
The panzer regiment had the standard organization, i. e. the I. Abteilung equipped with Panthers and the II. Abteilung with Panzer IV. Authorized strength was 17 tanks per company in I. Abteilung and 22 per company in II. Abteilung. Each battalion had four companies. Together with the tanks belonging to the battalion and regiment staffs this gave a total of 79 Panthers and 101 Panzer IV.
The number of Panzer IV amounted to 91 operational and 7 in workshops on 1 June. The situation was less favourable concerning Panthers. At the end of April 1944 the division had only 26 Panthers. Further vehicles were sent in May:
16 May
8 Panthers
17 May
8 Panthers
22 May
16 Panthers (two trains)
24 May
8 Panthers
This made a total of 66 Panthers with the division.
Tank losses are possible to establish up to 9 July:
Pz IV
Panther
6 - 26 June
26
15
27 June - 5 July
18
6
6 July - 9 July
7
11
17. SS-Panzer Grenadier Division "Götz von Berlichingen"
Due to its late formation the 17. SS-Pz.Gren.Div. was still not fully combat ready when the allies landed. It was reported that on 1 June one third of the men had 22 weeks of training and the remainder had 25 weeks of training.
Its manpower strength amounted to 17 321 men on 1 June, but it was short of 233 officers and 1 541 NCO:s, while it had a surplus of 741 privates.3 This meant that the division was short of about 40 % of its officers and NCO, a serious disadvantage.
At the beginning of June the division had many deficiencies. The greatest was probably the lack of vehicles. The supply services of the division completely lacked transportation on 1 June. According to a report concerning the situation 15 May the division had only 257 trucks and towing vehicles of all types. No deliveries of JagdPz IV had yet occurred, but the 3. Kompanie of the had three 7,62 cm Pak (Sf) and nine 7,5 cm Pak (Sf).
By using the Aufkl.Abt., StuG.Abt., SS-Pz.Gren.Rgt. 38 and one reinforced artillery battalion (consisting of four batteries with le.FH and one battery with s.FH) a mobile Kampfgruppe was formed.
Except for vehicles the division was rather well equipped.
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