Nuclear Safety
(Information by Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency of Japan - NISA)
NISA Performs safety regulation of nuclear energy based on the Act on the Regulation of Nuclear Source Material, Nuclear Fuel Material and Reactors or Electricity Business Act.
EPR Information for local residents
In nuclear emergency situation, collecting precise information released by National Government or local governments and acting calmly is extremely important.
All nuclear facilities in Japan have sufficient barrier to prevent from radiation exposure of public, even if serious accident happens. This means public members have enough time to take action for protect themselves from radiation exposure.
Following information is a reference for public in case of nuclear emergency.
Collecting information
National Government and local governments disseminate accident information to public in advance using various ways.
Practically, Emergency Radio, Cable Television, Cable Radio, public broadcasting and internet are such disseminating way.
Important thing is collecting precise information.
Notes to collecting information
When you know an accident of nuclear facility, taking following action is important.
・Do not panic. Making information share/exchange among neighbors
・If you find handicapped people, please support them
・Stay calm. Do not believe demagoguery
・Refrain to use telephone to allow smooth emergency measures
Direction issued by governments
National Government and local governments issue following direction to local residents depend on the estimation of radiation influence.
（1） Estimated dose is sufficiently low: "Sheltering"
（2） Estimated dose can be higher than 1 above and countermeasure for reducing the influence of radiation dose: "Sheltering to concrete building"
（3） Estimating dose is high: "Evacuation"
Criteria for issuing the direction of protective action
The Nuclear Safety Commission proposes these criteria in the "Regulatory Guide: Emergency Preparedness for Nuclear Facilities."
Sheltering
When progress of accident of nuclear facility is found, local governments issue direction "Sheltering", as a preliminary measure. At this stage, there is no need to rush.
Notes, in case of "Sheltering to concrete building" is issued
When this direction is issued, you shall go to nearest concrete building as soon as possible. Concrete building provides effective radiation shield. There is designated building in each segment of area.
Please attention to the information provided by television, radio or Emergency Preparedness Radio and taking following action.
・Shut-down electricity, close gas valve
・Close and lock all windows and doors
・Support handicapped personnel, if necessary
・Stay calm
Difference between concrete building and other building
Radiation is classified as "Alpha Ray", "Beta Ray", "Gamma Ray" and "neutron."
Alpha Ray and Beta Ray is relatively easy to shield.
Gamma Ray and neutron has relatively high permeability.
Thick concrete can shield these not only Alpha and Beta Rays but also Gamma Ray and neutron.
Based on this nature, stay inside concrete building is preferable when radiation is high.
Notes, in case of "Evacuation" is issued
"Evacuation" is issued when evacuate to safe place is required due to higher radiation dose is expected.
Evacuation point is designated in advance. Attention to information of television, radio or emergency radio.
Additionally, knowing your designated evacuation point in advance is important.
・Shut-down electricity, close gas valve
・Close and lock all windows and doors
・Stay calm
・Refrain to use personal own vehicle. Taking prepared bus is desirable.
・Follow instruction of evacuation point staff
Taking Stable Iodine pill
One of the harmful radioactive materials released from nuclear facility is radioactive Iodine.
When radioactive Iodine is taken into body by breath or eating, it is concentrated in thyroid and can be
lead to disease such as thyroid cancer. To take stable Iodine in advance, concentrate of radioactive Iodine
in thyroid can be avoided.
Stable Iodine pill is in stock at City Hall or local health center offices, etc. When release of radioactive
Iodine is expected, stable Iodine pill is distributed to each evacuation point, however, taking stable
Iodine pill shall be done under supervision of medical expert.
Food Restriction
To prevent from radiation exposure caused by eating contaminated food, "Food Restriction" can be applied.
As an amount of radioactive Iodine, when more than 300 Bq/kg in case of drinking water or milk, more than
2,000 Bq/kg in case of vegetable, is found, it is considered to issue "Food Restriction."
When foods can be contaminated, restriction of eating them or selling them can be ordered.
Please follow the instruction disseminated from television, radio or emergency radio.
Recommended clothes and packages
Clothes which do not expose skin are preferable, especially, hooded overcoat is recommended. Wearing boots and glove is better in rainy or snowy weather.
The package for evacuation, flash light, mobile radio and several changes of clothing, etc. shall be included.
These items are not only for nuclear emergency but also for general emergency.
Therefore, preparing such emergency package is recommended.
Contact
Nuclear Emergency Preparedness Division
Thanks.
(Information by Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency of Japan - NISA)
NISA Performs safety regulation of nuclear energy based on the Act on the Regulation of Nuclear Source Material, Nuclear Fuel Material and Reactors or Electricity Business Act.
EPR Information for local residents
In nuclear emergency situation, collecting precise information released by National Government or local governments and acting calmly is extremely important.
All nuclear facilities in Japan have sufficient barrier to prevent from radiation exposure of public, even if serious accident happens. This means public members have enough time to take action for protect themselves from radiation exposure.
Following information is a reference for public in case of nuclear emergency.
Collecting information
National Government and local governments disseminate accident information to public in advance using various ways.
Practically, Emergency Radio, Cable Television, Cable Radio, public broadcasting and internet are such disseminating way.
Important thing is collecting precise information.
Notes to collecting information
When you know an accident of nuclear facility, taking following action is important.
・Do not panic. Making information share/exchange among neighbors
・If you find handicapped people, please support them
・Stay calm. Do not believe demagoguery
・Refrain to use telephone to allow smooth emergency measures
Direction issued by governments
National Government and local governments issue following direction to local residents depend on the estimation of radiation influence.
（1） Estimated dose is sufficiently low: "Sheltering"
（2） Estimated dose can be higher than 1 above and countermeasure for reducing the influence of radiation dose: "Sheltering to concrete building"
（3） Estimating dose is high: "Evacuation"
Criteria for issuing the direction of protective action
The Nuclear Safety Commission proposes these criteria in the "Regulatory Guide: Emergency Preparedness for Nuclear Facilities."
Sheltering
When progress of accident of nuclear facility is found, local governments issue direction "Sheltering", as a preliminary measure. At this stage, there is no need to rush.
Notes, in case of "Sheltering to concrete building" is issued
When this direction is issued, you shall go to nearest concrete building as soon as possible. Concrete building provides effective radiation shield. There is designated building in each segment of area.
Please attention to the information provided by television, radio or Emergency Preparedness Radio and taking following action.
・Shut-down electricity, close gas valve
・Close and lock all windows and doors
・Support handicapped personnel, if necessary
・Stay calm
Difference between concrete building and other building
Radiation is classified as "Alpha Ray", "Beta Ray", "Gamma Ray" and "neutron."
Alpha Ray and Beta Ray is relatively easy to shield.
Gamma Ray and neutron has relatively high permeability.
Thick concrete can shield these not only Alpha and Beta Rays but also Gamma Ray and neutron.
Based on this nature, stay inside concrete building is preferable when radiation is high.
Notes, in case of "Evacuation" is issued
"Evacuation" is issued when evacuate to safe place is required due to higher radiation dose is expected.
Evacuation point is designated in advance. Attention to information of television, radio or emergency radio.
Additionally, knowing your designated evacuation point in advance is important.
・Shut-down electricity, close gas valve
・Close and lock all windows and doors
・Stay calm
・Refrain to use personal own vehicle. Taking prepared bus is desirable.
・Follow instruction of evacuation point staff
Taking Stable Iodine pill
One of the harmful radioactive materials released from nuclear facility is radioactive Iodine.
When radioactive Iodine is taken into body by breath or eating, it is concentrated in thyroid and can be
lead to disease such as thyroid cancer. To take stable Iodine in advance, concentrate of radioactive Iodine
in thyroid can be avoided.
Stable Iodine pill is in stock at City Hall or local health center offices, etc. When release of radioactive
Iodine is expected, stable Iodine pill is distributed to each evacuation point, however, taking stable
Iodine pill shall be done under supervision of medical expert.
Food Restriction
To prevent from radiation exposure caused by eating contaminated food, "Food Restriction" can be applied.
As an amount of radioactive Iodine, when more than 300 Bq/kg in case of drinking water or milk, more than
2,000 Bq/kg in case of vegetable, is found, it is considered to issue "Food Restriction."
When foods can be contaminated, restriction of eating them or selling them can be ordered.
Please follow the instruction disseminated from television, radio or emergency radio.
Recommended clothes and packages
Clothes which do not expose skin are preferable, especially, hooded overcoat is recommended. Wearing boots and glove is better in rainy or snowy weather.
The package for evacuation, flash light, mobile radio and several changes of clothing, etc. shall be included.
These items are not only for nuclear emergency but also for general emergency.
Therefore, preparing such emergency package is recommended.
Contact
Nuclear Emergency Preparedness Division
Thanks.
