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The battleships were sitting ducks to any type of air attack (as you brits learned a few days later with the PofW and repulse).
Besides, the battleships at Pearl were slow and incapable of catching up to the fast moving Japanese carrier forces, and we only had a single carrier within striking distance of the Japanese.
.... although results could perhaps of been different had the Japanese successfully hit the fuel dumps.
What would have happen if they had acted and sailed out to meet the IJN BEFORE the attack on Pearl Harbor? Would it have resulted in more severe and complete losses of ships and men? Instead for the ships that were salvaged and put back into service, they would have sunk, how would the USN have recovered?
How far away from Pearl Harbor were the carriers Enterprise, Lexington and Saratoga? Were they close enough to catch up, get close and send their torpedo and divebombers to attack? If I remember correctly Yorktown was in the Atlantic, right?
So Admiral Kimmel saved the carriers while taking the blame for Pearl? Theres justice for ya.
What if they had sent up fighters when they first saw the Japanese coming? Did they spot them early enough to get them up to altitude?
The consensus was that a Japanese attack would start at the Philipines.
While some USN and US Army officers suspected that there could be an attack on pearl harbor, it was discounted.
In 1941, no one suspected that Japan could put together 6 carriers and execute a perfect strike on such a large and important military installation like Pearl Harbor.